Maize Protein Content

The protein content in maize grain typically varies from 6% to 13%. When breeding for increased protein levels, a negative correlation with grain yield is often observed. Furthermore, the increase in total protein frequently occurs due to the accumulation of zein, an alcohol-soluble fraction poor in essential amino acids such as lysine, tryptophan, and methionine, which reduces the biological value of the protein complex.

The indicator is significantly influenced by growing conditions: optimal nitrogen nutrition during the growing season contributes to higher protein content, whereas its deficiency during the grain-filling phase leads to a decrease. Additionally, high temperatures during the filling period can contribute to a relative increase in protein by inhibiting starch deposition. High protein content is important for feed purposes, but it may be undesirable in the starch and syrup industry, as it hinders the extraction of starch from the endosperm.