Variety traits

Maturity group

Maturity group is a biological characteristic of a variety that determines the length of its growing season from emergence to full maturity. This trait is a key tool for planning agronomic operations and selecting varieties suited to the climatic conditions of a region.

Mentioned in descriptions 89 063 varieties reference book.

Maturity group represents a biological characteristic of a variety that determines the duration of the growing season from the moment of seedling emergence to the onset of harvest or full maturity. This trait directly influences the choice of production strategy, allowing agronomists to optimize harvest timing, minimize losses due to crop lodging or over-ripening, and adapt crops to local climate conditions, avoiding risks associated with early frosts or drought periods.

The assessment of the maturity group is conducted within the framework of state variety testing on specialized plots by comparing the variety under study with a zoned standard. The duration of the growing season in days is used as a quantitative indicator. The gradation of groups from early-maturing to late-maturing does not have uniform numerical boundaries for all species, as it is based on the biological characteristics of a specific crop and the conditions of the cultivation zone.

Membership in a maturity group is determined by the genetic characteristics of the variety, however, the rate of progression through phenological phases depends on abiotic factors such as temperature regime, moisture availability, and photoperiodism. Cultivation techniques, including sowing dates and fertilization systems, can adjust maturation timing but do not change the genetic classification of a variety into a specific group.

There is an interconnection between the maturity group and biochemical indicators of product quality, such as protein and gluten content in the grain. For effective utilization of this trait, it is necessary to rely on the results of local trials, as a variety may perform differently under various soil and climatic conditions.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Maize maturity group 5 061 Tomato maturity group 2 293 Sunflower maturity group 1 708 Maturity group — soft wheat 1 598 Maize maturity group 1 583 Grape Ripening Period 1 407 Potato maturity group 1 217 Barley Maturity Group 1 086 Pepper maturity groups 1 065 Apple Ripening Groups 890 Bean maturity group 807 Peach Maturity Group 794 Pea Maturity Group 779 Maturity Group — Soybean 777 Rapeseed maturity group 739 Maturity group — sugar beet 700 Cucumber Maturity Groups 670 Lettuce maturity group 589 Grape Ripening Period 579 Maturity group — Perennial ryegrass 564 Sweet Cherry Ripening Period 507 Carrot Maturity Groups 415 Melon maturity groups 410 Maturity group — white cabbage 384

Found in these crops

Maize 4 386 Maize 1 378 Sunflower 1 347 Tomato 1 205 Bread wheat 1 015 Barley 753 Potato 741 Soybean 740 Sugar beet 589 Bell pepper 582 Rapeseed 550 Common bean 518

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

ABC Alfio

Active

Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat

Todor Gubatov (BG)

5 records

Aiace

Active

Phaseolus vulgaris L. · Common bean

Consorzio Sativa Societa Cooperativa Agricola

4 records

Alaska

Active

Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb · Almond

Federico Dicenta López-Higuera/José Egea Caballero/Teresa Cremades Rosado/Jesús López Alcolea/Pedro Martínez Gómez/ Manuel Rubio Angulo/ Raquel Sánchez Pérez/Pedro José Martínez García

4 records

Alaska

Active

Glycine max (L.) Merr. · Soybean

ALAIN LETOURNEAU

5 records

56C20R

Terminated

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

Pierre GARRAUD

4 records

Ace Early

Protection expired

Brassica oleracea L. (Cauliflower Group) · Cauliflower

VEGETAL RECHERCHES ET

3 records

Alpage

Protection expired

Phleum pratense L. · Timothy grass

Verneuil Recherche SA (FR)

3 records

Agila

Active

Lactuca sativa L. · Lettuce

Enza Zaden Beheer B.V.

5 records

67X08R

Terminated

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

Pierre GARRAUD

6 records

263EK052

Terminated

Zea mays L. · Maize

Yves BIOULAC

4 records

Åke

Active

Trifolium pratense L. · Red clover

Linda Öhlund

4 records

1Pcpu74

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

PIONEER OVERSEAS CORPORATION

3 records

Advantage

Protection expired

Solanum lycopersicum L. · Tomato

Harris Moran Seed Company

3 records

83DOD5

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

DEKALB GENETICS CORP

3 records

Aias

Protection expired

Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat

HAO-DEMETER - Cereal Institute

4 records

Albiano

Active

Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat

LEMAIRE DEFFONTAINES SEMENCES

3 records

Alabama

Active

Brassica oleracea L. (Savoy Cabbage Group) · Savoy cabbage

Syngenta Seeds B.V.

4 records

Aberruby

Terminated

Trifolium pratense L. · Red clover

Institute of Grassland & Environmental Research Welsh Plant Breeding Station

3 records

Abermont

Terminated

Lolium perenne L. · Perennial ryegrass

IGER Institute of Grassland & Environmental Research (GB)

3 records

ABC Kolino

Active

Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat

Todor Gubatov (BG)

5 records

Aleandros

Active

Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat

CO.NA.SE SOC.COOP.AGR

4 records

AAC Invest 1605

Active

Glycine max (L.) Merr. · Soybean

Elroy Cober

4 records

A1864Z

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

MONSANTO TECHNOLOGY

4 records

91DUD5

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

MONSANTO TECHNOLOGY

4 records

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Variety traits

Yield 67 000
Vigor 53 548
Plant height 51 504
Lodging 50 198
Taste and aroma 36 010
Variety origin 29 523
Productivity 27 845
Winter hardiness 27 261

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Text source

This summary is compiled from the publications listed in the sources and verified by an editor. It contains no legally significant information; it provides agronomic context for registry data rather than the registry data itself.