Variety traits

Yield of Matricaria chamomilla, Wild Chamomile

Matricaria recutita L.

The primary indicator of crop yield is the mass of dried flower heads, calculated as air-dry raw material. Productivity depends on agronomic practices and the use of diploid or tetraploid varieties, ranging from 4–5 to 20 centners/ha.

In the reference 5 varieties crop German chamomile, where this is mentioned in the description.

The yield of German chamomile is expressed in centners or tons per hectare. In commercial crops, typical values range from 4–5 to 10–12 centners/ha of dry flower heads. Under favorable conditions in experimental plots and with intensive irrigation, productivity can reach 20 centners/ha, and some studies have recorded figures of up to 38 centners/ha.

Yield determination is performed by sampling plots of a set area during the early mass flowering stage, when approximately two-thirds of the ray florets in the capitulum are positioned horizontally. After harvesting, the raw material is dried at a temperature of 35–40 °C to an air-dry state, which serves as the final measure of productivity.

The economic efficiency of crop cultivation is directly linked to the agronomic background, including nitrogen fertilizer application rates and the availability of irrigation. An important factor is the suitability of the variety for mechanical harvesting: the uniformity of flowering and the height of the flower heads significantly influence the feasibility of mechanized harvesting and the preservation of the quality of essential oil raw material.

General information about the subject — on the page Yield.

Sources8

Varieties of German chamomile mentioned in the description

Selection based on the description text, not on official evaluation: these data are absent from registers. For specific variety details, please refer to its profile.