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Variety traits

Maturity group

Maturity group is a biological characteristic of a variety that determines the length of its growing season from emergence to full maturity. This trait is a key tool for planning agronomic operations and selecting varieties suited to the climatic conditions of a region.

Mentioned in descriptions 89 063 varieties reference book.

Maturity group represents a biological characteristic of a variety that determines the duration of the growing season from the moment of seedling emergence to the onset of harvest or full maturity. This trait directly influences the choice of production strategy, allowing agronomists to optimize harvest timing, minimize losses due to crop lodging or over-ripening, and adapt crops to local climate conditions, avoiding risks associated with early frosts or drought periods.

The assessment of the maturity group is conducted within the framework of state variety testing on specialized plots by comparing the variety under study with a zoned standard. The duration of the growing season in days is used as a quantitative indicator. The gradation of groups from early-maturing to late-maturing does not have uniform numerical boundaries for all species, as it is based on the biological characteristics of a specific crop and the conditions of the cultivation zone.

Membership in a maturity group is determined by the genetic characteristics of the variety, however, the rate of progression through phenological phases depends on abiotic factors such as temperature regime, moisture availability, and photoperiodism. Cultivation techniques, including sowing dates and fertilization systems, can adjust maturation timing but do not change the genetic classification of a variety into a specific group.

There is an interconnection between the maturity group and biochemical indicators of product quality, such as protein and gluten content in the grain. For effective utilization of this trait, it is necessary to rely on the results of local trials, as a variety may perform differently under various soil and climatic conditions.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Maize maturity group 5 061 Tomato maturity group 2 293 Sunflower maturity group 1 708 Maturity group — soft wheat 1 598 Maize maturity group 1 583 Grape Ripening Period 1 407 Potato maturity group 1 217 Barley Maturity Group 1 086 Pepper maturity groups 1 065 Apple Ripening Groups 890 Bean maturity group 807 Peach Maturity Group 794 Pea Maturity Group 779 Maturity Group — Soybean 777 Rapeseed maturity group 739 Maturity group — sugar beet 700 Cucumber Maturity Groups 670 Lettuce maturity group 589 Grape Ripening Period 579 Maturity group — Perennial ryegrass 564 Sweet Cherry Ripening Period 507 Carrot Maturity Groups 415 Melon maturity groups 410 Maturity group — white cabbage 384

Found in these crops

Maize 4 386 Maize 1 378 Sunflower 1 347 Tomato 1 205 Bread wheat 1 015 Barley 753 Potato 741 Soybean 740 Sugar beet 589 Bell pepper 582 Rapeseed 550 Common bean 518

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Maty

Active

Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. · Common sainfoin

CZ
4 records

Maksimirka

Active

Glycine max (L.) Merr. · Soybean

HR
4 records

Muntean

Protection expired

Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat

RO
3 records

Malling Sunrise

Active

Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier · Garden strawberry

NL
5 records

Monarchy

Active

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Sweet Corn Group) · Sweet corn

HU
4 records

Keszthelyi 50

Active

Festuca arundinacea Schreb. · Tall fescue

HU
3 records

Keope

Active

Oryza sativa L. · Rice

RO
3 records

Lontra

Terminated

Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat

IT
3 records

Midnight Sun

Protection expired

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

FI
3 records

Livada 10

Active

Trifolium pratense L. · Red clover

RO
3 records

Merryl

Terminated

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

FI
4 records

Jonasun IR

Active

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

RO
3 records

Litinia

Active

Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiformis Pers. · Oil radish

HU
3 records

Jogeva 220

Terminated

Dactylis glomerata L. · Cocksfoot

EE
4 records

Jalo

Active

Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley

FI
4 records

Matador

Active

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Sweet Corn Group) · Sweet corn

HU
3 records

Maremma

Active

Trifolium alexandrinum L. · Egyptian clover

IT
3 records

Krizia

Active

Glycine max (L.) Merr. · Soybean

IT
3 records

Lotru

Active

x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale

HU
3 records

Holyna

Active

Medicago sativa L. · Alfalfa

CZ
4 records

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