Cultivation
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group)
Optimal maize sowing dates depend on soil warming to 10–12 °C, as the crop is extremely heat-demanding. Deviation from these dates leads either to seed damage by pathogens when sown early in cold soil, or to reduced yields and higher grain moisture when sowing is delayed.
In the reference 49 varieties crop Maize, where this is mentioned in the description.
To ensure uniform maize emergence, the soil at the seeding depth must warm up to 10–12 °C. At temperatures below 10 °C, the germination period extends to 4–6 weeks, which creates a risk of seed rot and 'temperature paralysis' due to metabolic disruption. The exception is cold-tolerant flint maize hybrids, which are capable of germinating at 7–8 °C.
The selection of the sowing date is critically dependent on the balance of moisture and heat. Early sowing allows for the maximum utilization of stored spring moisture, which is necessary for seed imbibition; however, excessive waterlogging in cold soil promotes the development of fungal diseases. Dent hybrids are more sensitive to adverse sowing conditions than flint hybrids, which have a denser seed coat.
Delaying sowing relative to the optimal period leads to a significant decrease in yield due to a shortened growing season. This complicates the achievement of physiological maturity of the ears and increases grain moisture at harvest; therefore, the primary agronomic goal is to complete sowing operations within the shortest possible timeframe once the temperature optimum is reached.
General information about the subject — on the page Sowing date.
Selection based on the description text, not on official evaluation: these data are absent from registers. For specific variety details, please refer to its profile.
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Pioneer Hi-bred International Inc. (USA)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Pioneer Hi-bred International Inc. (USA)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Pioneer Hi-Bred Int., INC. (USA)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Pioneer Overseas Corporation US (USA)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Pioneer Overseas Corporation US (USA)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Poljoprivredni Institut Osijek, HR
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Poljoprivredni Institut Osijek, HR
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Poljoprivredni Institut Osijek, HR
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
PIONEER OVERSEAS CORPORATION
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
MONSANTO TECHNOLOGY
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Bc Institut d.d. Zagreb (HR)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Pioneer Overseas Corporation US (USA)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc (US)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Limagrain Europe SA (FR)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Coop de Pau SCA (FR)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE, FR
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Syngenta Crop Protection Lda.
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize