Pepper is highly sensitive to moisture deficits, which at high temperatures cause stem lignification and the shedding of reproductive organs. Maintaining pre-irrigation soil moisture at 70–80% FC throughout the growing season is necessary to ensure high fruit marketability and prevent physiological deformations.
Critical periods for water supply include the seedling establishment phase, flowering, and active fruit development. Irregular irrigation is the main cause of blossom-end rot. Despite the ability to tolerate short-term drought due to a well-developed root system, the crop requires precise adherence to the irrigation regime to achieve maximum yields.
The optimal irrigation method is drip irrigation, which minimizes the risk of fungal and bacterial diseases associated with moisture contact with the aerial parts of the plant. At the same time, it is important to avoid high air humidity, which promotes the development of gray mold. It is recommended to combine irrigation with mulching to retain moisture and protect the shallow root system.
General information about the subject — on the page
Irrigation.