Variety traits

Heterosis

Heterosis is the effect of first-generation hybrids superiority over parental forms in terms of viability, productivity, and resistance to external factors.

Mentioned in descriptions 472 varieties reference book.

Heterosis, often referred to as "hybrid vigor", manifests in the superiority of first-generation hybrids over parental forms in key biological and economic traits. The effect is most noticeable in quantitative traits with low heritability, such as growth energy, fertility, adaptability, and total yield. A characteristic feature is its maximum expression exclusively in the first generation, with a gradual attenuation in subsequent ones, which precludes the use of hybrid seeds for further sowing.

The evaluation of heterosis is carried out quantitatively through the percentage excess of the hybrid's indicators relative to parents or standards. A distinction is made between true heterosis, comparing the hybrid with the best parent; hypothetical heterosis, based on the average value of both parents; and competitive heterosis, where the best variety currently on the market is taken as a baseline. The stability of this effect depends on the combining ability of the parental lines and specific agro-climatic growing conditions.

Within the framework of variety testing, the success of a hybrid is determined by a complex of economically valuable traits and an analysis of its performance in field conditions. The lack of superiority or indicators lower than parental forms are qualified as the absence of heterosis or depression. The relative values of the effect vary depending on the crop, with high indicators reaching tens of percent confirming the efficiency of the chosen combination of parental forms.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Maize heterosis 71 Heterosis — Soft Wheat 20 Heterosis in rye 14 Maize Heterosis 8 Sunflower Heterosis 8 Tobacco Heterosis 6 Barley heterosis 4 Cucumber heterosis 4 Heterosis in Pelargonium zonale 3 Tomato Heterosis 3 Heterosis in White Cabbage 3 Rapeseed Heterosis 3 Rapeseed heterosis 3

Found in these crops

Maize 46 Bread wheat 19 Rye 11 Sunflower 7 Tobacco 5 Barley 4 Maize 4 Horseshoe pelargonium 3 Rapeseed 3 Rapeseed 3 Alfalfa 2 Field mustard 2

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

PHE6W

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL

3 records

PH714

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL

3 records

Ph38b

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL

3 records

Ph13am

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL

3 records

PHAVN

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL

3 records

PH6MN

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL

3 records

NS Ras

Application submitted

Brassica napus L. · Rapeseed

Institut za ratarstvo

SI UA

3 records

Yasen

Terminated

Capsicum annuum L. · Bell pepper

V. Todorova, V. Nikolova, Y. Todorov, St. Daskalov, L. Georgieva

3 records

SV9424ML

Active

Cucumis melo L. · Melon

Monsanto Vegetable IP Management B.V.

4 records

Ruse 555

Terminated

Zea mays L. · Maize

S. Mitev, P. Mitev, G. Hristova, P. Momchilova, M. Vachkova, H. Koleva

3 records

Pobeda 2

Terminated

Nicotiana tabacum L. · Tobacco

Mariya T. Palakarcheva, Dimitar D. Baylov

2 records

NPID3757

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Syngenta Participations AG

3 records

Milana

Active

Brassica oleracea L. (White Cabbage Group) · White cabbage

KOROLEVA SVETLANA VIKTOROVNA / MONAHOS GRIGORIJ FEDOROVICh / YuRChENKO SEMEN ALEKSANDROVICh

4 records

Lenox

Active

Brassica rapa L. subsp. campestris (L.) A. R. Clapham · Field mustard

Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG. Herrn Dr. Martin Frauen / Dr. Heinrich Enderlein

3 records

Gwenola

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

KWS Saat AG, DE

3 records

Dimetra

Terminated

Cucumis sativus L. · Cucumber

D. Kostova, M. Aleksandrova, M. Nikolova

3 records

DK2965ZSZM

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Fedko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetskyi Borys Volodymyrovych,

3 records

DK959MV

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Ilchenko Larysa Anatoliivna, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetskyi Borys Volodymyrovych,

3 records

DK216SVZM

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetskyi Borys Volodymyrovych,

3 records

DK4173SVZM

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Abel`masov Oleksii Viktorovych, Marochko Valentyna Anatoliivna, Fed`ko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel` Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubets`kyi Borys Volodymyrovych,

3 records

Bela

Active

Solanum lycopersicum L. · Tomato

Hristo Georgiev

3 records

78010

Protection expired

Zea mays L. · Maize

LINDSEY M. F.

2 records

PH12K7

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL

2 records

Ph1vy6

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

PIONEER OVERSEAS CORPORATION

3 records

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Variety traits

Maturity group 89 063
Yield 67 000
Vigor 53 548
Plant height 51 504
Lodging 50 198
Taste and aroma 36 010
Variety origin 29 523
Productivity 27 845

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Text source

This summary is compiled from the publications listed in the sources and verified by an editor. It contains no legally significant information; it provides agronomic context for registry data rather than the registry data itself.