Variety traits

Heterosis

Heterosis is the effect of first-generation hybrids superiority over parental forms in terms of viability, productivity, and resistance to external factors.

Mentioned in descriptions 472 varieties reference book.

Heterosis, often referred to as "hybrid vigor", manifests in the superiority of first-generation hybrids over parental forms in key biological and economic traits. The effect is most noticeable in quantitative traits with low heritability, such as growth energy, fertility, adaptability, and total yield. A characteristic feature is its maximum expression exclusively in the first generation, with a gradual attenuation in subsequent ones, which precludes the use of hybrid seeds for further sowing.

The evaluation of heterosis is carried out quantitatively through the percentage excess of the hybrid's indicators relative to parents or standards. A distinction is made between true heterosis, comparing the hybrid with the best parent; hypothetical heterosis, based on the average value of both parents; and competitive heterosis, where the best variety currently on the market is taken as a baseline. The stability of this effect depends on the combining ability of the parental lines and specific agro-climatic growing conditions.

Within the framework of variety testing, the success of a hybrid is determined by a complex of economically valuable traits and an analysis of its performance in field conditions. The lack of superiority or indicators lower than parental forms are qualified as the absence of heterosis or depression. The relative values of the effect vary depending on the crop, with high indicators reaching tens of percent confirming the efficiency of the chosen combination of parental forms.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Maize heterosis 71 Heterosis — Soft Wheat 20 Heterosis in rye 14 Maize Heterosis 8 Sunflower Heterosis 8 Tobacco Heterosis 6 Barley heterosis 4 Cucumber heterosis 4 Heterosis in Pelargonium zonale 3 Tomato Heterosis 3 Heterosis in White Cabbage 3 Rapeseed Heterosis 3 Rapeseed heterosis 3

Found in these crops

Maize 46 Bread wheat 19 Rye 11 Sunflower 7 Tobacco 5 Barley 4 Maize 4 Rapeseed 3 Horseshoe pelargonium 3 Rapeseed 3 Tomato 2 Alfalfa 2

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Ph08b

Protection expired

Zea mays L. · Maize

PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL

2 records

KW7791

Protection expired

Zea mays L. · Maize

Kleinwanzlebener Saatzucht

2 records

LMH3161.LFH1940

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Joel Meunier

2 records

Vidovica

Protection expired

Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat

Bc Institut d.d. Zagreb (HR)

HR SI

3 records

Pabloo

Terminated

Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley

3 records

Synthia

Active

Brassica rapa L. subsp. campestris (L.) A. R. Clapham · Field mustard

3 records

Withdrawn

Secale cereale L. · Rye

Dr.Peer Wilde

2 records

Lo189P Lo191N

Withdrawn

Secale cereale L. · Rye

Dr.Peer Wilde

2 records

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Variety traits

Maturity group 89 063
Yield 67 000
Vigor 53 548
Plant height 51 504
Lodging 50 198
Taste and aroma 36 010
Variety origin 29 523
Productivity 27 845

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Text source

This summary is compiled from the publications listed in the sources and verified by an editor. It contains no legally significant information; it provides agronomic context for registry data rather than the registry data itself.