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Variety traits

Maturity group

Maturity group is a biological characteristic of a variety that determines the length of its growing season from emergence to full maturity. This trait is a key tool for planning agronomic operations and selecting varieties suited to the climatic conditions of a region.

Mentioned in descriptions 89 063 varieties reference book.

Maturity group represents a biological characteristic of a variety that determines the duration of the growing season from the moment of seedling emergence to the onset of harvest or full maturity. This trait directly influences the choice of production strategy, allowing agronomists to optimize harvest timing, minimize losses due to crop lodging or over-ripening, and adapt crops to local climate conditions, avoiding risks associated with early frosts or drought periods.

The assessment of the maturity group is conducted within the framework of state variety testing on specialized plots by comparing the variety under study with a zoned standard. The duration of the growing season in days is used as a quantitative indicator. The gradation of groups from early-maturing to late-maturing does not have uniform numerical boundaries for all species, as it is based on the biological characteristics of a specific crop and the conditions of the cultivation zone.

Membership in a maturity group is determined by the genetic characteristics of the variety, however, the rate of progression through phenological phases depends on abiotic factors such as temperature regime, moisture availability, and photoperiodism. Cultivation techniques, including sowing dates and fertilization systems, can adjust maturation timing but do not change the genetic classification of a variety into a specific group.

There is an interconnection between the maturity group and biochemical indicators of product quality, such as protein and gluten content in the grain. For effective utilization of this trait, it is necessary to rely on the results of local trials, as a variety may perform differently under various soil and climatic conditions.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Maize maturity group 5 061 Tomato maturity group 2 293 Sunflower maturity group 1 708 Maturity group — soft wheat 1 598 Maize maturity group 1 583 Grape Ripening Period 1 407 Potato maturity group 1 217 Barley Maturity Group 1 086 Pepper maturity groups 1 065 Apple Ripening Groups 890 Bean maturity group 807 Peach Maturity Group 794 Pea Maturity Group 779 Maturity Group — Soybean 777 Rapeseed maturity group 739 Maturity group — sugar beet 700 Cucumber Maturity Groups 670 Lettuce maturity group 589 Grape Ripening Period 579 Maturity group — Perennial ryegrass 564 Sweet Cherry Ripening Period 507 Carrot Maturity Groups 415 Melon maturity groups 410 Maturity group — white cabbage 384

Found in these crops

Maize 4 386 Maize 1 378 Sunflower 1 347 Tomato 1 205 Bread wheat 1 015 Barley 753 Potato 741 Soybean 740 Sugar beet 589 Bell pepper 582 Rapeseed 550 Common bean 518

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Chieftain

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

FR
2 records

Apollo

Terminated

Foeniculum vulgare Mill. · Fennel

NL
2 records

Cera 290

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

RO
2 records

Chico

Active

Glycine max (L.) Merr. · Soybean

IT
2 records

AP 2509

Active

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Popcorn Group) · Popcorn

HU
2 records

Anne

Active

Prunus avium (L.) L. · Sweet cherry

EE
3 records

Buren

Terminated

Brassica oleracea L. (Cauliflower Group) · Cauliflower

NL
2 records

Cegrand

Active

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize

CZ
5 records

Bukovina

Active

Beta vulgaris L. · Beet

SK
2 records

Budera

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

DE
2 records

Bola de nieve

Active

Brassica rapa L. var. rapa (L.) Thell. · Turnip

ES
2 records

Bc 723

Terminated

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize

Bc Institut d.d. Zagreb (HR)

HR
2 records

Amylex

Terminated

Solanum tuberosum L. · Potato

CZ
3 records

Batu Kaan

Terminated

Capsicum annuum L. · Bell pepper

NL
2 records

Ammer

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

DE
2 records

Casalina

Active

Medicago sativa L. · Alfalfa

IT
2 records

Ambiance

Terminated

Solanum lycopersicum L. · Tomato

NL
2 records

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