Diseases
Triticum L.
A group of infectious wheat diseases caused by specialized fungi that infect the ear and lead to its partial or complete destruction with the formation of a spore mass.
In the reference 3 varieties crop Wheat, where this is mentioned in the description.
Wheat is affected by several species of smut fungi: common bunt, caused by Tilletia caries and Tilletia laevis, loose smut (Ustilago tritici), dwarf bunt (Tilletia controversa), and flag smut (Urocystis tritici). Symptoms range from the formation of bunt balls with an olive-brown spore mass emitting a "herring" odor in common bunt, to the conversion of all parts of the ear into a black powdery mass in loose smut, or pronounced stunting in the dwarf form.
The pathogens exhibit high race variability: more than 13–16 races have been described for common bunt, and over 40 for loose smut. Wheat resistance to common bunt is genetically controlled by a series of Bt-genes (Bt1–Bt10), the effectiveness of which depends on the composition of regional pathogen populations. In breeding for resistance to loose smut, molecular markers are used to identify resistance donor genotypes.
General information about the subject — on the page Smut.
Selection based on the description text, not on official evaluation: these data are absent from registers. For specific variety details, please refer to its profile.