Variety traits

Winter Hardiness of Alfalfa

Medicago sativa L.

A trait determining the longevity of the stand and yield stability of alfalfa, which is assessed based on the degree of dormancy and the intensity of spring regrowth.

In the reference 39 varieties crop Alfalfa, where this is mentioned in the description.

To assess the adaptation of alfalfa to low temperatures, an international scale of dormancy ranging from 1 to 9 is used. Varieties in groups 2–5 possess increased winter hardiness, as they enter dormancy earlier and accumulate more nutrient reserves in the root system, unlike varieties in groups 6–11, which exhibit active autumn growth.

The highest winter hardiness is found in yellow alfalfa (Medicago falcata), which serves as the basis for developing variegated hybrid varieties. More winter-hardy forms of alfalfa often feature a prostrate rosette growth habit, whereas less winter-hardy ones have an upright form.

A key agronomic factor in realizing winter hardiness potential is the timing of the final cutting, which should be completed 30–45 days before the onset of persistent frosts. Violating this timing prevents plants from accumulating nutrients in their roots, leading to stand thinning and a reduction in the period of productive use.

General information about the subject — on the page Winter hardiness.

Sources8

Varieties of Alfalfa mentioned in the description

Selection based on the description text, not on official evaluation: these data are absent from registers. For specific variety details, please refer to its profile.