Test weight is a key physical quality indicator reflecting the degree of kernel plumpness, the presence of endosperm, and the volume of seed coats. High test weight values indicate good grain filling and maturity, whereas shriveled or damaged grain has low density.
This parameter depends on the genetic traits of the variety, growing conditions, moisture content, and the degree of foreign matter in the grain mass. During variety trials, this indicator is evaluated as a physical characteristic that helps determine the stability of grain plumpness for a specific variety under various conditions.
Test weight is assessed using a grain scale (purka), where grain is poured into a standard volume measure under conditions that eliminate subjective influence on packing density. When selecting a variety, agronomists look for indicators that demonstrate consistently high plumpness, which directly affects the grade, market value, and processing suitability of the harvest.