Variety traits

Ploidy

Ploidy is the number of sets of chromosomes in a cell nucleus, which determines the biological properties and productivity of a variety. This trait is used in breeding to modify morphological parameters of plants, such as increasing fruit size.

Mentioned in descriptions 10 934 varieties reference book.

Ploidy reflects the number of sets of chromosomes in a plant cell nucleus. An organism can be diploid, having two sets, haploid with one, or polyploid, containing three or more sets. In agricultural practice, this indicator is an important factor in the productivity and stability of a variety, as polyploidy allows for targeted changes in the size of plant cells and organs.

The choice of ploidy level depends on the cultivation goals of a specific crop. The effect of polyploidy is not universal: while it serves as a tool for increasing productivity in some species, such as sugar beet, a diploid set remains critical for others to ensure normal seed set.

Ploidy assessment is conducted during the breeding process and state variety trials using flow cytometry, direct cytogenetic chromosome analysis, or indirect methods based on stomatal cell size. During trials, the stability of the chromosome set is verified, as any deviations, such as the appearance of aneuploid forms, can lead to reduced yields and increased crop variability.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Ploidy — Perennial Ryegrass 853 Apple Ploidy 479 Ploidy — Sugar beet 465 Ploidy — Italian ryegrass 278 Ploidy — Red Clover 252 Ploidy — Italian ryegrass 190 Ploidy — Hybrid Ryegrass 110 Watermelon ploidy 100 Ploidy — Westerwold ryegrass 95 Ploidy — Fodder Beet 55 Ploidy — Rye 49 Ploidy of pear 40 Mandarin Ploidy 31 Ploidy — Meadow Fescue 29 Citrus Ploidy 25 Beet Ploidy 24 Ploidy of Festulolium 24 Apple Ploidy 23 Ploidy — Japanese plum 21 Lily Ploidy 19 Alstroemeria Ploidy 19 Ploidy of orchardgrass 17 Ploidy of German chamomile 17 Ploidy of the European Plum 14

Found in these crops

Perennial ryegrass 853 Apple 498 Sugar beet 466 Italian ryegrass 278 Red clover 252 Italian ryegrass 191 Hybrid ryegrass 110 Watermelon 102 Westerwolds Ryegrass 95 Mangelwurzel 55 Rye 49 European pear 42

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Mayan Star

Terminated

Solanum tuberosum L. · Potato

SCOTTISH CROP RESEARCH INSTITUTE

2 records

BONMA 15133

Active

Argyranthemum frutescens x Glebionis carinata

Andrew Bernuetz

2 records

Zoom

Active

Lolium perenne L. · Perennial ryegrass

Seed Research of Oregon & Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

2 records

Zagłoba

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

WIELKOPOLSKA HODOWLA BURAKA CUKROWEGO SP.Z.O.O

5 records

Yolande

Active

Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum (A. Br.) Volkart · Italian ryegrass

Limagrain Verneuil Holding (FR)

2 records

Yaris

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

AGRA SOCIETA DEL SEME SRL

2 records

Zeltic

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

Maribo Seed International ApS

3 records

Zabergäu Renette

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

3 records

Yarden

Active

Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai · Watermelon

ORIGENE SEEDS Ltd

3 records

Wanda

Active

Sinapis alba L. · White mustard

Agro Pomerania sp. z o.o.

3 records

Vormela

Terminated

Dactylis glomerata L. · Cocksfoot

Agroscope Reckenholz

2 records

Vindobona

Active

Beta vulgaris L. · Beet

SESVanderhave NV

2 records

Vertibelo

Active

Lolium multiflorum Lam. · Italian ryegrass

SEMILLAS BATLLE S.A.

2 records

Victor

Terminated

Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterr. · Corn salad

Nunhems Germany GmbH

3 records

Valstar

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

PEPINIERES DU VALOIS SARL, FR

5 records

Volubyl

Active

Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. westerwoldicum Wittm. · Westerwolds Ryegrass

R 2n (FR)

2 records

Vertigo

Terminated

Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai · Watermelon

Hazera Genetics Ltd (IL)

2 records

Ugnė

Active

Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum (A. Br.) Volkart · Italian ryegrass

Lietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centras

2 records

Tyrion

Active

Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai · Watermelon

Enza Zaden Beheer B.V.

2 records

Vergina

Protection expired

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

Breeding Division of Hellenic Sugar Industry

2 records

Turquesa

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

LION SEEDS

2 records

Triomphe de Kiel

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

Information not available - Contact NL authorities

2 records

Tours

Active

Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. westerwoldicum Wittm. · Westerwolds Ryegrass

Semillas Fitó S.A.

2 records

Valentin

Active

Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterr. · Corn salad

HILD SAMEN| Hild Samen GmbH

3 records

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Variety traits

Maturity group 89 063
Yield 67 000
Vigor 53 548
Plant height 51 504
Lodging 50 198
Taste and aroma 36 010
Variety origin 29 523
Productivity 27 845

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Text source

This summary is compiled from the publications listed in the sources and verified by an editor. It contains no legally significant information; it provides agronomic context for registry data rather than the registry data itself.