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Variety traits

Ploidy

Ploidy is the number of sets of chromosomes in a cell nucleus, which determines the biological properties and productivity of a variety. This trait is used in breeding to modify morphological parameters of plants, such as increasing fruit size.

Mentioned in descriptions 10 934 varieties reference book.

Ploidy reflects the number of sets of chromosomes in a plant cell nucleus. An organism can be diploid, having two sets, haploid with one, or polyploid, containing three or more sets. In agricultural practice, this indicator is an important factor in the productivity and stability of a variety, as polyploidy allows for targeted changes in the size of plant cells and organs.

The choice of ploidy level depends on the cultivation goals of a specific crop. The effect of polyploidy is not universal: while it serves as a tool for increasing productivity in some species, such as sugar beet, a diploid set remains critical for others to ensure normal seed set.

Ploidy assessment is conducted during the breeding process and state variety trials using flow cytometry, direct cytogenetic chromosome analysis, or indirect methods based on stomatal cell size. During trials, the stability of the chromosome set is verified, as any deviations, such as the appearance of aneuploid forms, can lead to reduced yields and increased crop variability.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Ploidy — Perennial Ryegrass 853 Apple Ploidy 479 Ploidy — Sugar beet 465 Ploidy — Italian ryegrass 278 Ploidy — Red Clover 252 Ploidy — Italian ryegrass 190 Ploidy — Hybrid Ryegrass 110 Watermelon ploidy 100 Ploidy — Westerwold ryegrass 95 Ploidy — Fodder Beet 55 Ploidy — Rye 49 Ploidy of pear 40 Mandarin Ploidy 31 Ploidy — Meadow Fescue 29 Citrus Ploidy 25 Beet Ploidy 24 Ploidy of Festulolium 24 Apple Ploidy 23 Ploidy — Japanese plum 21 Lily Ploidy 19 Alstroemeria Ploidy 19 Ploidy of orchardgrass 17 Ploidy of German chamomile 17 Ploidy of the European Plum 14

Found in these crops

Perennial ryegrass 853 Apple 498 Sugar beet 466 Italian ryegrass 278 Red clover 252 Italian ryegrass 191 Hybrid ryegrass 110 Watermelon 102 Westerwolds Ryegrass 95 Mangelwurzel 55 Rye 49 European pear 42

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Christine

Withdrawn

Kalanchoe Adans. · Kalanchoe

Knud Jepsen A/S

1 record

Einat

Withdrawn

Citrus x paradisi Macfad. · Grapefruit

Nir Carmi^^^Hanna Neuman-Leshem^^^Yoram Eyal^^^Ahuva Frydman-Shani^^^Aliza Vardi^^^Avraham Elhanati^^^Yosef Yaniv^^^Yeoshua Kanonich^^^Luba Fanberstein

2 records

CORAL

Active

Citrus L. · Citrus

IVIA

1 record

Cosenza

Terminated

Lilium L. · Lily

Vletter & Den Haan Beheer B.V

1 record

CARBAP K74

Active

Musa x paradisiaca L. · Banana

Centre de coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Centre Africain de Recherches sur Bananiers et Plantains (CARBAP)

1 record

Bareleven

Terminated

Phlox L. · Phlox

Bartels Breeding B.V

1 record

ALBIR

Terminated

Citrus L. · Citrus

VARIOS OBTENTORES

2 records

Big Top Gold

Terminated

Heuchera L. · Coral Flower

Witteman & Co. Multiflora B.V.

1 record

Anna's Æble

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

1 record

Slobozhanets` F1

Terminated

Secale cereale L. · Rye

Dryl Valentyna Petrivna, Batsaieva Ryta Dmytrivna, Krainiuk Nina Oleksandrivna, Havrysh Zinaida Vasylivna, Derev'ianko Vira Petrivna, Yehorov Dmytro Kostiantynovych,

UA
2 records

Rukai

Terminated

Secale cereale L. · Rye

Lietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro filialas Žemdirbystės institutas

LT
1 record

Oplesky

Active

Trifolium pratense L. · Red clover

Bocharova Maryna Ivanivna, Yakymenko Liubov Petrivna, Miniailo Valentyna Dmytrivna, Sliusar Serhii Mykolaiovych, Koriahin Oleksii Mykhailovych,

UA
2 records

MIELHART

Active

Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai · Watermelon

HAZERA GENETICS

ES
1 record

Kupalynka

Terminated

Secale cereale L. · Rye

Liutarevych Valentyna Eduardivna, Serheienko Volodymyr Ivanovych, Mikhnovets Tamara Volodymyrivna, Biriukovych Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Urban Eroma Petrovych,

UA
1 record

Daubiai

Terminated

Trifolium hybridum L. · Alsike clover

Lietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro filialas Žemdirbystės institutas

LT
1 record

Tero

Protection expired

Secale cereale L. · Rye

HR SI
3 records

Bellyl

Application submitted

Lolium multiflorum Lam. · Italian ryegrass

DE
1 record

Zoom

Withdrawn

Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. westerwoldicum Wittm. · Westerwolds Ryegrass

CZ
1 record

Zambezi

Withdrawn

Lolium multiflorum Lam. · Italian ryegrass

DE
1 record

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