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Variety traits

Cold tolerance

Cold tolerance is a biological characteristic of a variety that determines its ability to develop and maintain productivity under prolonged exposure to low positive temperatures (from +1 to +10 °C).

Mentioned in descriptions 2 844 varieties reference book.

Cold tolerance represents the ability of an organism to maintain normal metabolism, protoplasm structure, and enzymatic activity under conditions where thermophilic crops begin to slow growth, yellow, and lose turgor. Unlike winter hardiness, this indicator does not imply the tolerance of sub-zero temperatures and freezing of tissues. In practice, a cold-tolerant variety allows for early sowing in unheated soil, reduces the risk of seedling death during spring cold snaps, contributes to the efficient use of winter moisture, and accelerates development, which often leads to earlier maturity.

Field and laboratory evaluation methods are used during variety testing. The field methodology includes phenological observations of growth rates during early sowing, visual assessment of survival after temperature stress, and structural analysis of the impact of conditions on yield components. In laboratory settings, a 'cold test' is used for seed germination in incubators at reduced temperatures followed by further growth, as well as biochemical analysis, such as determining the level of free proline in leaves.

Cold tolerance is expressed through a coefficient calculated as the ratio of performance in stress conditions to control conditions, or through percentage values of germination. Based on these data, varieties are divided into groups by resistance level. An important indicator is the temperature minimum at which crop growth ceases, which is about +4 °C for most plants and up to +10 °C for maize. Variety selection requires consideration of the biological characteristics of the crop, as this trait is critical for thermophilic plants at the early development stage.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Cold tolerance of maize 73 Cold tolerance of lettuce 19 Cold tolerance — soybean 15 Cold tolerance of maize 13 Cold tolerance of pea 11 Cold tolerance of endive 10 Cold tolerance of chicory 9 Cold tolerance of cucumber 9 Tomato cold tolerance 9 Cold tolerance of parsley 8 Cold tolerance of sunflower 8 Cold tolerance of spinach 7 Cold tolerance of turnip 7 Cold tolerance — Leek 7 Cold tolerance of carrots 7 Cold tolerance — soft wheat 7 Cold Hardiness of Savoy Cabbage 6 Cold tolerance — white cabbage 6 Cold tolerance — fava bean 5 Cold tolerance of faba beans 5 Cold tolerance — Black radish 5 Cold resistance of radish 5 Cold tolerance of Anthurium andraeanum 5 Cold tolerance of rice 5

Found in these crops

Maize 261 Maize 75 Olive 51 Anthurium 35 Lettuce 27 Sunflower 27 Cucumber 24 Tomato 24 Soybean 21 Leek 17 Cauliflower 15 Spinach 15

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Rich Green

Terminated

Cucurbita pepo L. · Field pumpkin

Seminis Vegetable Seeds

NL
3 records

Raghad

Active

Cucumis sativus L. · Cucumber

Enza Zaden Beheer B.V.

NL
2 records

Purple Russian

Active

Solanum lycopersicum L. · Tomato

Domaine Public (FR)

FR
2 records

Population LACAUNE

Active

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize

INCONNU (FR)

FR
2 records

PR37N01

Active

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize

Pioneer Hi-bred International Inc. (USA)

HR
2 records

Pokusa

Active

Cucumis sativus L. · Cucumber

PLANTICO HODOWLA I NASIENNICTWO OGRODNICZE ZIELONKI SP. Z O.O.

PL
2 records

P72847

Active

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize

PIONEER OVERSEAS CORPORATION

NL
2 records

Palermo Oxalis

Active

Capsicum annuum L. · Bell pepper

Rijk Zwaan Zaadteelt en Zaadhandel B.V.

NL
3 records

Palona Light Salmon

Protection expired

Phlox drummondii Hook. · Annual phlox

SLUIS & GROOT RESEARCH

NL
2 records

Otello

Active

Cicer arietinum L. · Chickpea

E.N.E.A. - DIPARTIMENTO AGROBIOTECNOLOGIE - UNITA' DI PROGETTO SEMENTI E VIVAISMO

IT
3 records

Orlan

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

OOO NAUCHNO-PROIZVODSTVENNAYA KOMMERCHESKAYA FIRMA «SELEKTA»

UA
3 records

NS-H-6059

Active

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

Radic Velimir, Gvozdenovic Sandra, Jocic Sinisa,

UA
4 records

Ninfa

Active

Solanum melongena L. · Eggplant

S.A.I.S. Societa Agricola Italiana Sementi

IT
2 records

Noriko

Active

Brassica oleracea L. (Kohlrabi Group) · Kohlrabi

HILD SAMEN| Hild Samen GmbH

DE
3 records

NKTago

Terminated

Zea mays L. · Maize

Syngenta Seeds

IT
2 records

NK Lucius

Active

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize

Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Seeds Division, CH

HR
2 records

Nemyriv

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Lebid` IEvhen Makarovych, Voskoboinyk Oleksandr Vasyl`ovych, Nehoda Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Marochko Valentyna Anatoliivna, Moroz Volodymyr Vasyl`ovych, Olizko Oleksii Petrovych, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych, Antoniuk Serhii Petrovych, Cherchel Vladyslav IU

UA
3 records

Monasterium

Terminated

Zea mays L. · Maize

FREIHERR VON MOREAU SAATZUCHT

IT
2 records

Mokka

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

FREIHERR VON MOREAU SAATZUCHT

IT
2 records

Lifago

Active

Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn. · Tartary buckwheat

Dr. Ernst Lütke Entrup / Ing. agr. Günter Michelmann

DE
2 records

Korvin

Active

Cucumis sativus L. · Cucumber

Bayer Holland B.V.

NL
2 records

Laboom

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

FREIHERR VON MOREAU SAATZUCHT

IT
2 records

KWS Armoris

Active

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize

KWS SAAT SE, DE

FR
2 records

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