Variety traits
Cold tolerance is a biological characteristic of a variety that determines its ability to develop and maintain productivity under prolonged exposure to low positive temperatures (from +1 to +10 °C).
Mentioned in descriptions 2 844 varieties reference book.
Cold tolerance represents the ability of an organism to maintain normal metabolism, protoplasm structure, and enzymatic activity under conditions where thermophilic crops begin to slow growth, yellow, and lose turgor. Unlike winter hardiness, this indicator does not imply the tolerance of sub-zero temperatures and freezing of tissues. In practice, a cold-tolerant variety allows for early sowing in unheated soil, reduces the risk of seedling death during spring cold snaps, contributes to the efficient use of winter moisture, and accelerates development, which often leads to earlier maturity.
Field and laboratory evaluation methods are used during variety testing. The field methodology includes phenological observations of growth rates during early sowing, visual assessment of survival after temperature stress, and structural analysis of the impact of conditions on yield components. In laboratory settings, a 'cold test' is used for seed germination in incubators at reduced temperatures followed by further growth, as well as biochemical analysis, such as determining the level of free proline in leaves.
Cold tolerance is expressed through a coefficient calculated as the ratio of performance in stress conditions to control conditions, or through percentage values of germination. Based on these data, varieties are divided into groups by resistance level. An important indicator is the temperature minimum at which crop growth ceases, which is about +4 °C for most plants and up to +10 °C for maize. Variety selection requires consideration of the biological characteristics of the crop, as this trait is critical for thermophilic plants at the early development stage.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Secale cereale L. · Rye
SAATZUCHT STEINACH GMBH and CO KG
Spinacia oleracea L. · Spinach
SSC JP
Brassica oleracea L. (Savoy Cabbage Group) · Savoy cabbage
Domaine Public (FR)
Linum usitatissimum L. · Common flax
Laboulet Semences, FR
Glycine max (L.) Merr. · Soybean
INSTYTUT HUDOWLI
Glycine max (L.) Merr. · Soybean
Claude-Alain Bétrix
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. · Fennel
Bejo Zaden BV (NL)
Zea mays L. · Maize
PIONEER OVERSEAS CORPORATION
Citrus unshiu Marcow. · Satsuma mandarin
Kajiura Masako (JP)/Iwasaki T. (JP)
Zea mays L. · Maize
Syngenta France SAS
Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb · Almond
Vivero El Amanecer
Cucumis sativus L. · Cucumber
Paul Degreef
Cichorium endivia L. · Endive
Henk Driessen
Lactuca sativa L. · Lettuce
Vilmorin-Mikado S.A.S.
Phaseolus vulgaris L. · Common bean
Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc., Yes applicant details in question 1
Cucumis sativus L. · Cucumber
PNOS
Glycine max (L.) Merr. · Soybean
SOYA NORTH CO LTD
Brassica oleracea L. (Cauliflower Group) · Cauliflower
MOSKOVSKOE OTDELENIE VNIIR (MOVIR)
Oryza sativa L. · Rice
LUGANO LEONARDO SRL
Lotus corniculatus L. · Bird's-foot trefoil
GONZALO RAMÓN COLLAZO PICCARDO^^^Lorenzo Musa
Festuca arundinacea Schreb. · Tall fescue
RAGT 2N S.A.S
Anthurium Schott · Anthurium
Jan Van Dijk
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Euralis Semences
Zea mays L. · Maize
ROBERT TAUCHER