Diseases
Claviceps purpurea
Ergot is a fungal disease of cereals characterized by the formation of toxic sclerotia instead of grains. The disease poses a critical risk to crop quality due to the content of alkaloids dangerous to health.
Mentioned in descriptions 365 varieties reference book.
The disease manifests during the flowering period of cereals with the appearance of 'honeydew'—sticky droplets on the ears containing fungal conidia. During maturation, hard black-violet structures called sclerotia or ergot bodies form in place of grains, which may significantly exceed the size of a normal kernel.
Pathogen development depends on cool, wet weather, especially during the crop's flowering stage, as high relative humidity facilitates infection. Plants with a prolonged flowering period and open-flowering types, through which spores penetrate the ovary, are most susceptible.
There are no genetically resistant varieties, so resistance is based on morphological traits such as cleistogamy (closed flowering) and the uniformity of ear flowering. Resistance assessment in breeding includes recording the infestation of ears, analyzing the reduction in productivity, and chromatographic determination of the accumulation level of toxic ergoalkaloids.
Losses from ergot are divided into quantitative, expressed as a 5–25% reduction in thousand kernel weight and grain count, and qualitative, associated with alkaloid accumulation. Exceeding the permissible limits for sclerotia content in grain makes the produce unsuitable for food or feed purposes.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Secale cereale L. · Rye
Danko Hodowla Roslin Sp.z.o.o.
Secale cereale x secale montanum
REIMANN-PHILIPP| Prof. Dr. agr. R. Reimann-Philipp
Secale cereale L. · Rye
KOECHLING| Dr. J. Koechling in Fa. Saatzucht Petkus GmbH
Secale cereale L. · Rye
LOCHOW-PETKUS
Lolium multiflorum Lam. · Italian ryegrass
SCHLATHoeLTER| Michaela Schlathoelter
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Dominique Lanoie
Secale cereale L. · Rye
Lietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro filialas Žemdirbystės institutas
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Verneuil Recherche SA (FR)
Secale cereale L. · Rye
KOECHLING| Dr. J. Koechling in Fa. Saatzucht Petkus GmbH / KLAMMANN| S. Klammann in Fa. Saatzucht Petkus GmbH
Secale cereale L. · Rye
Lietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro filialas Žemdirbystės institutas
Secale cereale L. · Rye
Skoryk Olena Mykolaivna, Symonenko Nina Viktorivna, Skoryk Volodymyr Viktorovych,
Secale cereale L. · Rye
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Secale cereale L. · Rye
Secale cereale L. · Rye
Secale cereale L. · Rye
Secale cereale L. · Rye
Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum (A. Br.) Volkart · Italian ryegrass