Spelt (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta) is predominantly a winter crop requiring vernalization to complete its developmental cycle. In contrast, emmer (Triticum dicoccum) is represented in Russian practice primarily by spring forms with a short growing season.
In the reference
20
varieties
crop Spelt,
where this is mentioned in the description.
Spelt is characterized as a winter crop with pronounced winter hardiness. For full development and heading, the plants require a period of low temperatures, which aligns its biological type with winter common wheat. In breeding, the main focus is on creating varieties adapted to successful overwintering in regional climatic conditions.
Under production conditions, it is critically important to distinguish between spelt and emmer, as they have fundamentally different developmental types. While spelt requires autumn sowing, spring forms of emmer have a growing season of 85 to 105 days and are sown exclusively in the spring period, which necessitates mandatory verification of varietal characteristics in the State Register of Breeding Achievements.
Selection based on the description text, not on official evaluation: these data are absent from registers. For specific variety details, please refer to its profile.