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Variety traits

Ploidy

Ploidy is the number of sets of chromosomes in a cell nucleus, which determines the biological properties and productivity of a variety. This trait is used in breeding to modify morphological parameters of plants, such as increasing fruit size.

Mentioned in descriptions 10 934 varieties reference book.

Ploidy reflects the number of sets of chromosomes in a plant cell nucleus. An organism can be diploid, having two sets, haploid with one, or polyploid, containing three or more sets. In agricultural practice, this indicator is an important factor in the productivity and stability of a variety, as polyploidy allows for targeted changes in the size of plant cells and organs.

The choice of ploidy level depends on the cultivation goals of a specific crop. The effect of polyploidy is not universal: while it serves as a tool for increasing productivity in some species, such as sugar beet, a diploid set remains critical for others to ensure normal seed set.

Ploidy assessment is conducted during the breeding process and state variety trials using flow cytometry, direct cytogenetic chromosome analysis, or indirect methods based on stomatal cell size. During trials, the stability of the chromosome set is verified, as any deviations, such as the appearance of aneuploid forms, can lead to reduced yields and increased crop variability.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Ploidy — Perennial Ryegrass 853 Apple Ploidy 479 Ploidy — Sugar beet 465 Ploidy — Italian ryegrass 278 Ploidy — Red Clover 252 Ploidy — Italian ryegrass 190 Ploidy — Hybrid Ryegrass 110 Watermelon ploidy 100 Ploidy — Westerwold ryegrass 95 Ploidy — Fodder Beet 55 Ploidy — Rye 49 Ploidy of pear 40 Mandarin Ploidy 31 Ploidy — Meadow Fescue 29 Citrus Ploidy 25 Beet Ploidy 24 Ploidy of Festulolium 24 Apple Ploidy 23 Ploidy — Japanese plum 21 Lily Ploidy 19 Alstroemeria Ploidy 19 Ploidy of orchardgrass 17 Ploidy of German chamomile 17 Ploidy of the European Plum 14

Found in these crops

Perennial ryegrass 853 Apple 498 Sugar beet 466 Italian ryegrass 278 Red clover 252 Italian ryegrass 191 Hybrid ryegrass 110 Watermelon 102 Westerwolds Ryegrass 95 Mangelwurzel 55 Rye 49 European pear 42

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Kara

Terminated

Dactylis glomerata L. · Cocksfoot

IT
2 records

Jonagold

Application submitted

Malus Mill. · Apple

SK
2 records

FD Climber

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

CZ
2 records

FD Ace Smart

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

RO
2 records

GRAVILLAN

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

ES
2 records

Jeptiška

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

CZ
4 records

Jenna KWS

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

DE
2 records

Jakob Lebel

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

SI
6 records

Esperia KWS

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

DE
2 records

Dulcit

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

CZ
3 records

Gero øtofte

Protection expired

Lolium multiflorum Lam. ssp. italicum (A. Br.) Volkart · Italian ryegrass

DK
2 records

Hapsung 2 Ho

Terminated

Dactylis glomerata L. · Cocksfoot

CZ
2 records

Dochita

Active

Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai · Watermelon

RO
2 records

Fiorella KWS

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

DE
3 records

Halina KWS

Protection expired

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

CZ
2 records

Holstein

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

NL
3 records

Dunjac

Active

Cydonia oblonga Mill. · Quince

SI
3 records

FORTIS

Terminated

Lolium perenne L. · Perennial ryegrass

DK
2 records

Glenmore

Active

Lolium perenne L. · Perennial ryegrass

IE
2 records

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