Diseases
Ustilaginomycetes
Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.
Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.
Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.
The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.
Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Avena sativa L. · Oat
Lietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centras
Zea mays L. · Maize
PANAM FRANCE SARL
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Agrigenetics d.o.o. (HR)
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Hoiman Serhii Volodymyrovych, Sheremet Oleksandr Martynovych, Lehkun Ihor Borysovych, Linchevskyi Anatolii Adamovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
MONSANTO TECHNOLOGY
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Dr Hans Rolf Spath
Avena sativa L. · Oat
Saatzucht Edelhof
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Euralis Semences FR
Zea mays L. · Maize
Olkhovyk Maksym Stanislavovych, Riabchenko Eduard Mykolaiovych, Abelmasov Oleksii Viktorovych, Bondar Tetiana Mykolaivna, Plotka Vitalii Vitaliiovych, Nehoda Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Haidash Oleksandr Leonidovych, Fedko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel Vladysl
Zea mays L. · Maize
Halechko Ivan Dmytrovych, Borysov Vikttor Mykolaiovych, Fed`ko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel` Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubets`kyi Borys Volodymyrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Halechko Ivan Dmytrovych, Borysova Viktoriia Viktorivna, Revia IAroslav Mykolaiovych, Borysov Vikttor Mykolaiovych, Fed`ko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel` Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubets`kyi Borys Volodymyrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Kravchenko Viktor Mykolaiovych, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych, Fed`ko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel` Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubets`kyi Borys Volodymyrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
BORYSOV VIKTOR
Zea mays L. · Maize
Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych, Halechko Ivan Dmytrovych, Fedko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych, Bodenko Natalia Anatoliivna, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetskyi Borys Volodymyrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Cheban Denys Valeriiovych, Paziuk Nataliia Vasylivna, Kravchenko Viktor Mykolaiovych, Halechko Ivan Dmytrovych, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Savchenko Oleksii Mykolaiovych, Braha Oleksandr Mykolaiovych, Shevchenko Serhii Oleksandrovych, Klimova Oksana IEvhenivna, Maniatina Liudmyla Oleksandrivna, Kuprichenkova Tetiana Hryhorivna, Aldoshyn Anatolii Vasylovych, Bielikov IEvhen Illich, Dziubetsky
Zea mays L. · Maize
Borysov, Viktor Halechko, Ivan KRAVChENKO, Viktor
Zea mays L. · Maize
Halechko Ivan Dmytrovych, Borysova Viktoriia Viktorivna, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych, Kupar Ivan Mykhailovych, Bodenko Natalia Anatoliivna, Fedko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetskyi Borys Volodymyrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Shevchenko Serhii Oleksandrvovych, Kravchenko Viktor Mykolaiovych, Halechko Ivan Dmytrovych, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Halechko Ivan Dmytrovych, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych
Zea mays L. · Maize
KRAVCHENKO VIKTOR MYKOLAIOVYCH, BORYSOV VIKTOR MYKOLAIOVYCH
Zea mays L. · Maize
Shevchenko Serhii Oleksandrvovych, Kravchenko Viktor Mykolaiovych, Halechko Ivan Dmytrovych, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Kravchenko Viktor Mykolaiovych, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych, Fed`ko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel` Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubets`kyi Borys Volodymyrovych,