Diseases
Ustilaginomycetes
Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.
Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.
Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.
The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.
Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Zea mays L. · Maize
EURALIS SAATEN
Zea mays L. · Maize
Euralis Semences
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Lantmännen SW Seed
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Euralis Semences FR
Zea mays L. · Maize
Joel Meunier
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Coop de Pau SCA (FR)
Zea mays L. · Maize
MONSANTO TECHNOLOGY
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Hoiman Serhii Volodymyrovych, Sheremet Oleksandr Martynovych, Lehkun Ihor Borysovych, Linchevskyi Anatolii Adamovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
RAGT 2N S.A.S
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
R 2n (FR)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Limagrain Genetics Grandes Cultures SA (FR)
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Usyk Liudmyla Oleksandrivna, Honcharova Kapitalina V"iacheslavivna, Bazalii Halyna Hryhorivna, Orliuk Anatolii Pavlovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Joel Roucolle
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Sweet Corn Group) · Sweet corn
HM Clause Inc (US)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Caussade Semences SA (FR)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Euralis Semences FR
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Hodowla Roslin Smolice Sp.z o.o Grupa IHAR
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Zea mays L. · Maize
Kudyna Ol`ha IUriivna, Lubko Maryna Vasylivna, Parii IAroslav Fedorovych, Rusavskyi Vladyslav Leonidovych, Iliuchenko Oleksandr Serhiiovych, Parii Myroslav Fedorovych, Parii IUliia Oleksandrivna, Parii Fedir Mykytovych,
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
DONTSOVA ALEKSANDRA ALEKSANDROVNA / DONTSOV DMITRIJ PETROVICh / ROMANYuKIN ALEKSANDR EGOROVICh / TERNOVAYa ELENA ALEKSANDROVNA / IGNAT'EVA NATAL'Ya GENNAD'EVNA / ShIShKIN NIKOLAJ VASIL'EVICh / YaNKOVSKIJ NIKOLAJ GRIGOR'EVICh / FILIPPOV EVGENIJ GRIGOR'EVIC
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Parfent`iev Mykhailo Hrhorovych, Babaiants Lazar Tihranovych, Reshetnikova Valentyna Semenivna, Maksymov Mykola Havrylovych, Kostiuk Stanislav Vasyl`ovych, Lytvynenko Raisa Ivanivna, Ptashenchuk Oleksandr Mykytovych, Honcharuk Nina Oleksandrivna, Lytvynen
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
PUChKOV YuRIJ MIHAJLOVICh / NABOKOV GENNADIJ DMITRIEVICh / SOLYaREK TAISIYa FEDOROVNA / KUDRYaShOV IGOR' NIKOLAEVICh / BESPALOVA LYuDMILA ANDREEVNA / ALFIMOV VLADIMIR ALEKSEEVICh / FILOBOK LEONTIJ PETROVICh / BUKREEVA GALINA IVANOVNA / VASIL'EVA ANNA MIHA
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Vorob`ova Raisa Ahafonivna, Shurovenkova Liudmyla Ivanivna, Ablova Iryna Borysivna, Zynovkina Ol`ha Olenksandrivna, Soliarek Taisiia Fedorivna, Nabokov Henadii Dmytrovych, Puchkov IUrii Mykhailovych, Fomenko Nina Panteleivna, Kudriashov Ihor Mykolaiovych,
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Hodowla Roslin Smolice Sp.z o.o Grupa IHAR