Diseases
Ustilaginomycetes
Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.
Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.
Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.
The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.
Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
KWS SAAT SE & CO.KGAA
Zea mays L. · Maize
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
KWS SAAT SE, DE
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
KWS Saat AG, DE
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Lytvynenko Raisa Ivanivna, Rubakha Serhii Andriiovych, Traskovetska Vita Anatoliivna, Vasyliev Oleksii Anatoliiovych, Babaiants Olha Vadymivna, Rybalka Oleksandr Illich, Ptashenchuk Oleksandr Mykytovych, Lytvynenko Mykola Antonovych, Babaiants Lazar Tihra
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Yokich Drahan Radomyrovych, Karamushka Liudmyla Fedorivna, Vasylenko Liudmyla Fedorivna, Ushkarenko Viktor Oleksandrovych, Honcharova Kapitolina V'iacheslavivna, Lazer Petro Nartsysovych, Bazalii Halyna Hryhorivna, Zhuzha Oleksandr Dmytrovych, Orliuk Anat
Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Limagrain Verneuil Holding (FR)
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Shepilova Nadiia Dmytrivna, Vesna Serhii Viktorovych, Naumov Oleksii Hermanovych, Vasko Nataliia Ivanivna, Kozachenko Mykhailo Romanovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
ANTOHE IONMARTURA TEODOR
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Lytvynenko Raisa Ivanivna, Maksymov Mykola Havrylovych, Parfentiev Mykhailo Hryhorovych, Babaiants Lazar Tyhranovych, Reshetnikova Valentyna Semenivna, Ptashenchuk Oleksandr Mykytovych, Honcharuk Nina Oleksandrivna, Lytvynenko Mykola Antonovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
"GOLDEN WEST RESEARCH" EOOD (BG)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Monsanto Technology LLC, US
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Hristo Gorastev, Nevenka Ganusheva, Stoyka Grancharova, Ganka Hristozova
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
SERASEM
Zea mays L. · Maize
EMILSEME SPA
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Euralis Semences FR
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Traskovetska Vita Anatoliivna, Fedchenko Volodymyr Pavlovych, Bosakovska Nataliia IUriivna, Narhan Tetiana Pavlivna, Nakonechnyi Mykola IUriiovych, Yeryniak Mykola Ivanovych, Lyfenko Savelii Pylypovych,
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Babash Andrii Borysovych, Perekhrest Valentyna Arkhypivna, Tarasiuk Vasyl` Prokopovych, Kirdohlo IEvhen Kostiantynovych, Linchevskyi Anatolii Adamovych,
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
LIDEA FRANCE SAS
Zea mays L. · Maize
Bernatskyi Maksym Mykhailovych, Haidash Oleksandr Leonidovych, Husak IUliia Viktorivna, Bodenko Natalia Anatoliivna, Nehoda Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Marochko Valentyna Anatoliivna, Olizko Oleksii Petrovych, Fedko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel Vladyslav IUri
Zea mays L. · Maize
Ol`khovyk Maksym Styanislavovych, Riabchenko Eduard Mykolaiovych, Bondar Tetiana Mykolaivna, Plotka Vitalii Vitaliiovych, Nehoda Tetiana Volodymyrovych, Haidash Oleksandr Leonidovych, Olizko Oleksii Petrovych, Fedko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel Vladyslav
Zea mays L. · Maize
Kyrpa Mykola IAkovych, Halechko Ivan Dmytrovych, Husak IUliia Viktorivna, Bondar` Tetiana Mykolaivna, Kupar Ivan Mykhailovych, Bodenko Natalia Anatoliivna, Il`chenko Larisa Anatoliivna, Fed`ko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel` Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubets`
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Huseinov Vali Mamedovych, Vesna Serhii Viktorovych, Naumov Oleksii Hermanovych, Vasko Nataliia Ivanivna, Kozachenko Mykhailo Romanovych,