Diseases
Ustilaginomycetes
Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.
Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.
Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.
The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.
Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Zea mays L. · Maize
Chernobai Larysa Mykolaivna, Ivleva Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Barsukov Ihor Petrovych, Kamyshan Taisiia Petrivna, Chupikov Mykola Mykhailovych, Kozubenko Leonid Vasyl`ovych,
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Chernobab Raisa Andriivna, Melnyk Vira Serhiivna, Chernobai Serhii Volodymyrovych, Shcypak Hennadii Vasylovych,
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roslin Panstwowy Instytut Badawczy
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Los Ruslan Mykolaiovych, Prokopik Nataliia Ivanivna, Pravdziva Iryna Volodymyrivna, Dubovyk Nataliia Serhiivna, Volohdina Halyna Borysivna, Zamlila Nina Petrivna, Kyrylenko Vira Viktorivna, Derhachov Oleksandr Leonidovych, Humeniuk Oleksandr Volodymyrovyc
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Zamlila Nina Petrivna, Yurchenko Tetiana Vasylivna, Derhachov Oleksandr Leonidovych, Khomenko Svitlana Olehivna, Kyrylenko Vira Viktorivna, Humeniuk Oleksandr Volodymyrovych, Vlasenko Volodymyr Anatoliiovych, Demydov Oleksandr Anatoliiovych, Pirych Alina
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Yankovs`ki Mykola Hryhorovych, Derov Anatolii Ivanovych, Ihnat`ieva Nataliia Henadiivna, Repko Nataliia Volodymyrivna, Aleksandrova Liudmyla Oleksandrivna, Prykhod`ko Liudmyla Petrivna, Filippov IEvhenii Hryhorovych, Sokol Oleksandr Andriiovych,
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Zaima Oleksii Anatoliiovych, Siroshtan Andrii Anatoliiovych, Kolomiiets` Lidiia Andriivna, Kyrylenko Vira Viktorivna, Zamlila Nina Petrivna, Volohdina Halyna Borysivna, Humeniuk Oleksandr Volodymyrovych, Kochmars`kyi Valentyn Serhiiovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
HUNGAROSEED KFT
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Dekalb Genetics Corporation (usa) (US)
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Riabchun, Nataliia Kirian, Viktor Leonov, Oleh Usova, Zoia Suvorova, Kateryna Iodkovskyi, Vladislav Skrypnyk, Olena Baibak, Marharyta Zuieva, Kateryna Dvornychenko, Tetiana
Zea mays L. · Maize
MAS SEEDS
Zea mays L. · Maize
LIMAGRAIN GENETICS GRANDES CULTURES S.A.
Zea mays L. · Maize
AMI SRL
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Maisadour Semences, FR
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Maisadour Societe Cooperative Agricole (FR)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
SICA L. G. SERVICES (FR)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Limagrain Verneuil Holding (FR)
Zea mays L. · Maize
LIMAGRAIN EUROPE S.A.
Zea mays L. · Maize
LIDEA FRANCE SAS
Zea mays L. · Maize
LIMAGRAIN EUROPE S.A.
Zea mays L. · Maize
LIDEA FRANCE SAS
Zea mays L. · Maize
LIDEA FRANCE SAS
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Maisadour Societe Cooperative Agricole (FR)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Limagrain Genetics Grandes Cultures SA (FR)