Diseases
Ustilaginomycetes
Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.
Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.
Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.
The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.
Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Ihnatovskyi Oleksandr Oleksandrovych, Khodakova Tetiana Mykolaivna, Reshetnikova Valentyna Semenivna, Aleksieienko IEvhenii Viktorovych, Honcharuk Nina Oleksandrivna, Lytvynenko Raisa Ivanivna, Holub IEvheniia Anatoliivna, Lytvynenko Mykola Antonovych,
Panicum miliaceum L. · Proso millet
Ponomarenko Nadiia Serhiivna, Yehorov Dmytro Kostiantynovych, Horbachova Svitlana Mykolaivna, Konstantynov Stanislav Ivanovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Nikola Brusnyashki
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Orliuk Anatolii Pavlovych, Lazer Petro Nartsysovych, Yokich Drahan Radomyrovych, Zhuzha Oleksandr Dmytrovych, Honcharova Kapitalina V'iacheslavivna, Bazalii Halyna Hryhorovna, Bazalii Valerii Vasyl`ovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Jilin Jidong Seeds Co. LTD
Zea mays L. · Maize
Zhemoida Vitalii Leonidovych, Pyndus Vasyl` Vasyl`ovych, Tsentylo Leonid Vasyl`ovych, Boreiko Vasyl` Sydorovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Domain de Sandro
Zea mays L. · Maize
Drobiazko IUrii Hennadiiovych
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Dominique Lanoie
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Lazer Petro Nartsysovych, Yokich Drahan Radomyrovych, Zhuzha Oleksandr Dmytrovych, Honcharova Kapitalina V'iacheslavivna, Babenko Dmytro Viktorovych,
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Vasyliuk Petro Mykolaiovych, Siroshtan Andrii Anatoliiovych, Mukha Tetiana Ivanivna, Zamlila Nina Petrivna, Humeniuk Oleksandr Volodymyrovych, Kolomiiets` Lidiia Andriivna, Yurchenko Tetiana Vasylivna, Kharchenko Al`ona Vitaliivna, Kyrylenko Vira Viktoriv
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Sweet Corn Group) · Sweet corn
Doug Plaisted
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Andre Blondeau Semences (FR)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Advanta Seeds B.V. (NL)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
FUNK SEED
Zea mays L. · Maize
Fermerske hospodarstvo "Novoiehorivka-Ahro"
Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower
Burlov Viktor Viktorovych, Burlov Viktor Vasylovych,
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Sweet Corn Group) · Sweet corn
Sergio Nieto
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum · Bread wheat
BREUN JOSEF| Josef Breun / BREUN MONIKA| Monika Breun
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Ihnatovskyi Oleksandr Oleksandrovych, Khodakova Tetiana Mykolaivna, Reshetnikova Valentyna Semenivna, Aleksieienko IEvhenii Viktorovych, Honcharuk Nina Oleksandrivna, Lytvynenko Raisa Ivanivna, Holub IEvheniia Anatoliivna, Lytvynenko Mykola Antonovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
MONSANTO TECHNOLOGY
Zea mays L. · Maize
Brahin Oleksandr Mykolaiovych, Melnyk Ivan Ivanovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Kalinichenko Artem Oleksandrovych, Didenko Kostiantyn Oleksandrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Euralis Semences