Diseases
Ustilaginomycetes
Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.
Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.
Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.
The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.
Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
SAN MIGUEL
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
ROTHWELL PLANT BREEDERS (GB)/Nickerson SA (FR)
Zea mays L. · Maize
Kravchenko Viktor Mykolaiovych, Tarasenko Ol`ha Mykolaivna, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych, Hontarovs`kyi V'iacheslav Opanasovych,
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Ets Charles Lafite Sarl (FR)
Zea mays L. · Maize
KWS SAAT SE and CO KGAA
Avena sativa L. · Oat
Saatzucht Engelen Büchling
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. spelta (L.) Thell. · Spelt
Getreidezüchtung Peter Kunz Peter Kunz
Avena sativa L. · Oat
Selgen a.s., CZ
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Unisigma GIE (FR)/SES Europe NV/SA (BE)
Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat
GENETIC SERVICES S.R.L.
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Agrigenetics (HR)
Zea mays L. · Maize
Caussade Semences, F
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench · Sorghum
Benjamin Beyer
Zea mays L. · Maize
Tereschuk Serhii Mykolaiovych, Kalynchuk Oleh Ivanovych, Chernobai Larysa Mykolaivna, Ivlieva Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Barsukov Ihor Petrovych, Kamyshan Taisiia Petrivna, Chupikov Mykola Mykhailovych, Kozubenko Leonid Vasyl`ovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
KWS SAAT SE and CO KGAA
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
SAATZUCHT DR H C HEGE GBRMBH
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
LAUBACH| NORDSAAT Saatzucht GmbH Herrn Dr. Eberhard Laubach - Zuchtstation Gudow -
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Cultivari Getreidezüchtungsforschung Darzau gGmbH
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
SECOBRA RECHERCHES S.A.S
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
A. Karaivanov, K. Kostov, I. Stoeva, A. Tsenov, I. Stoyanov, I. Iliev, S. Mihova, T. Rachinski, N. Nikolova
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
BESPALOVA LYuDMILA ANDREEVNA / PUZYRNAYa OL'GA YuR'EVNA / NOVIKOV ALEKSEJ VLADIMIROVICh / KERIMOV VAGIF RAHMETOVICh / ABLOVA IRINA BORISOVNA / LYSAK NIKOLAJ IVANOVICh / BUKREEVA GALINA IVANOVNA / KUDRYaShOV IGOR' NIKOLAEVICh / ZIMA VALENTINA GRIGOR'EVNA /
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. spelta (L.) Thell. · Spelt
CRAW-DPT SCIENCES DU VIVANT - UNITÉ D'AMÉLIORATION
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
GROSSER| Dr. Joerg Grosser in Fa. KWS LOCHOW GMBH - Zuchtstation Wetze -
Avena sativa L. · Oat
Hroetzner Hans, Zhyvotkov Leonid Oleksandrovych, Selezen` IUrii Hryhorovych, Zakharenko Oleksandr Hryhorovych,