P0268
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Diseases
Smut
Ustilaginomycetes
Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.
Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.
Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.
The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.
Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.
Breakdown by crop
Common Smut of Maize
777
Maize Smut
300
Smut — Common Wheat
218
Barley Smut
162
Smut in Sweet Corn
44
Smut of oats
31
Smut of Kentucky bluegrass
24
Bunt of Durum Wheat
22
Loose smut of millet
18
Triticale Loose and Bunt Smut
16
Sorghum Smut
6
Loose smut of Triticum monococcum L.
6
Spelt smut
5
Smut — naked oats
5
Smut of grain sorghum
5
Smut in soft wheat
4
Rice Smut
3
Head Smut of Rescue Grass
3
Wheat Smut
3
Found in these crops
Varieties that feature this in their description
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
DKC3972
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P9718E
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P9000
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P8745
TerminatedZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
BC 282 B
TerminatedZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
HR
1 record
DKC3939
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P9874
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P8523
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P9606
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P9071
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Kerala
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Challenger del
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Sweet Corn Group) · Sweet corn
P9361
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P8812
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P0933
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P9537
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P9363
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P0312
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
P0937
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
LG31377
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
DKC4943
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
MAS 34B
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
DKC4685
ActiveZea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize