Diseases
Ustilaginomycetes
Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.
Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.
Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.
The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.
Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Zea mays L. subsp. Mays · Corn
Chervonis Mykhailo Volodymyrovych, Rybalka Oleksandr Illich, Baranovs`ka Violeta Leonidivna, Koblai Oleksandr Oleksandrovych, Slobodian Roman Petrovych, Stupa Leonid IAkovych, Serikov Volodymyr Oleksiiovych, Sokolov V'iacheslav Mykhailovych, Bielousov Ana
Zea mays L. · Maize
Brahin Oleksandr Mykolaiovych, Melnyk Ivan Ivanovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
MONSANTO TECHNOLOGY
Zea mays L. · Maize
Chupikov Mykola Mykhailovych, Kozubenko Leonid Vasyl`ovych, Kamyshan Taisiia Petrivna, Ivleva Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Barsukov Ihor Petrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Bodenko Natalia Anatoliivna, Khromenko Vitalii Oleksandrovych, Kalinchuk Oleh Ivanovych, Antoniuk Serhii Petrovych, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetskyi Borys Volodymyrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Khimich Marharyta Olehivna, Plotka Vitalii Vitaliiovych, Motrenko Volodymyr Ivanovych, Olizko Oleksii Petrovych, Bondar Tetiana Mykolaivna, Abelmasov Oleksii Viktorovych, Ilchenko Larysa Anatoliivna, Bodenko Natalia Anatoliivna, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiov
Zea mays L. · Maize
Olkhovyk Maksym Stanislavovych, Korobko IUliia Anatoliivna, Nehoda Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Bondar Tetiana Mykolaivna, Abelmasov Oleksii Viktorovych, Riabchenko Eduard Mykolaiovych, Plotka Vitalii Vitaliiovych, Haidash Oleksandr Leonidovych, Cherchel Vladys
Zea mays L. · Maize
Joel Roucolle
Zea mays L. · Maize
Luk'ianenko Tetiana Mykolaivna, Kulyk Viktor Oleksandrovych, Satarova Tetiana Mykolaivna, Nehoda Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Olizko Oleksii Petrovych, Abelmasov Oleksii Viktorovych, Haidash Oleksandr Leonidovych, Bodenko Natalia Anatoliivna, Cherchel Vladyslav
Panicum miliaceum L. · Proso millet
Petrychenko Serhii Mykolaiovych, Herasymenko Oleksandr Vasyl`ovych, Shudria Petro Petrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Serheiev Vasyl` Viktorovych, Moroz Volodymyr Vasyl`ovych, Marochko Valentyna Anatoliivna, Hrabovs`kyi Mykola Borysovych, Nehoda Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Lebid` IEvhen Makarovych, Antoniuk Serhii Petrovych, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetskyi Borys Vo
Zea mays L. · Maize
Osadchyi Serhii Stepanovych, Khromenko Vitalii Oleksandrovych, Kalinchuk Oleh Ivanovych, Ilchenko Larysa Anatoliivna, Fedko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetskyi Borys Volodymyrovych,
Avena sativa L. · Oat
Bulochnikova Antonina Petrivna, Matros Oleksandra Pylypivna, Kisil`ova Valentyna Anatoliivna, Pika IUrii Mykolaiovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Tovarystvo z obmezhenoiu vidpovidalnistiu «Rost Ahro»,Derzhavna ustanova Instytut zernovykh kultur Natsionalnoi akademii ahrarnykh nauk Ukrainy,
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Leonov Oleh IUriiovych, Shcechenko Olha IEvheniivna, Zymohliad Oleksii Viktorovych, Melnyk Vira Serhiivna, Kapustina Tetiana Borysivna, Shatokhin Volodymyr Ivanovych, Riabchun Viktor Kuzmych,
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Buniak Oleksandr Ivanovych, Buniak Nataliia Mykolaivna, Vasiuk Mykola Hryhorovych,
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. bicolor · Sorghum
Caussade Semences SA (FR)
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Il`ichov Oleh Henadiiovych, Leonov Oleh IUriiovych, Zymohliad Oleksii Viktorovych, Schechenko Ol`ha IEvhenivna, Melnyk Vira Serhiivna, Kapustina Tetiana Borysivna, Riabchun Viktor Kuz`movych,
Panicum miliaceum L. · Proso millet
Semerhei Nataliia Oleksiivna, Snitko Svitlana Vasylivna, Tyshcenko Volodymyr Mykolaiovych, Chekalin Mykola Mykhailovych,
Avena sativa L. · Oat
Liashcenko Oleksandr Ivanovych, Yavdoshcenko Mykola Petrovych, Solodushko Mykola Mykolaiovych, Solodushko Vira Pylypivna,
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Solonechnyi Pavlo Mykolaiovych, Vazhenina Ol`ha IEvheniivna, Naumov Oleksii Hermanovych, Vasko Nataliia Ivanivna, Kozachenko Mykhailo Romanovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Frederic Poujeaud
Zea mays L. · Maize
Kalinichenko Artem Oleksandrovych, Didenko Kostiantyn Oleksandrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Stotskyi Viktor