Diseases

Smut

Ustilaginomycetes

Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.

Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.

Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.

The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.

Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Common Smut of Maize 777 Maize Smut 300 Smut — Common Wheat 218 Barley Smut 162 Smut in Sweet Corn 44 Smut of oats 31 Smut of Kentucky bluegrass 24 Bunt of Durum Wheat 22 Loose smut of millet 18 Triticale Loose and Bunt Smut 16 Sorghum Smut 6 Loose smut of Triticum monococcum L. 6 Spelt smut 5 Smut — naked oats 5 Smut of grain sorghum 5 Smut in soft wheat 4 Rice Smut 3 Head Smut of Rescue Grass 3 Wheat Smut 3

Found in these crops

Maize 792 Maize 303 Bread wheat 220 Barley 167 Sweet corn 46 Oat 33 Kentucky bluegrass 24 Durum wheat 23 Proso millet 20 Triticale 18 Sorghum 7 Einkorn wheat 6

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

LIMABI30

Withdrawn

Zea mays L. · Maize

Limagrain Europe S.A.S

1 record

Enkidu

Active

Triticum monococcum L. · Einkorn wheat

Cultivari Getreidezüchtungsforschung Darzau gGmbH

1 record

Aquino

Terminated

Triticum monococcum L. · Einkorn wheat

Cultivari Getreidezüchtungsforschung Darzau gGmbH

1 record

DN Kyiakhy

Application submitted

Zea mays L. · Maize

Kovalov Stanislav Ruslanovych, Kanibolodskyi Oleksandr IUriiovych, Nehoda Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Olizko Oleksii Petrovych, Abelmasov Oleksii Viktorovych, Haidash Oleksandr Leonidovych, Bodenko Natalia Anatoliivna, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetsky

2 records

Shulyndinska

Terminated

Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat

Leonov Oleh IUriiovych, Cherednychenko Viktor Mykolaiovych, Riabchun Nataliia Ivanivna, Chernobab Raisa Andriivna, Suvorova Kkateryna IUriivna, Shcypak Hennadii Vasylovych,

2 records

Faktor odeskyi

Active

Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat

Vasyliev Oleksii Anatoliiovych, Rybalka Oleksandr Illich, Albul Anatolii Oleksiiovych, Avsenin Viacheslav Ivanovych, Fait Viktor Ivanovych, Palamarchuk Anatolii Ivanovych,

2 records

Zirkovyi

Terminated

Avena sativa L. · Oat

Kobyzhcha Ivan Oleksandrovych, Hrynyk Ihor Volodymyrovych, Havryliuk Mykhailo Serhiiovych, Matros Oleksandra Pylypivna,

2 records

Yuvivata 60

Active

Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat

Ischenko Ol`ha Oleksiivna, Sardak Mykola Oleksiiovych, Moskalets` Tetiana Zakharivna, Pika IUrii Mykolaiovych, Buniak Nataliia Mykolaivna, Moskalets Valentyn Vitaliiovych, Moskalets` Vitalii Ivanovych,

2 records

Yakari

Withdrawn

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize

Euralis Semences FR

1 record

Vzirets`

Terminated

Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley

Huseinov Vali Mamedovych, Vesna Serhii Viktorovych, Naumov Oleksii Hermanovych, Vasko Nataliia Ivanivna, Kozachenko Mykhailo Romanovych,

2 records

YeS Orilskai

Terminated

Zea mays L. · Maize

Koretskyi Oleksandr IEvheniiovych, Shatsman Dmytro Oleksandrovych,

1 record

Ūla

Terminated

Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley

Lietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro filialas Žemdirbystės institutas

1 record

TIADOR

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Stotskyi Viktor

2 records

Trudivnytsia

Terminated

Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat

Oks`om Volodymyr Polikarpovych, Morhun Volodymyr Vasyl`ovych, Morhun Volodymyr Vasyl`ovych,

2 records

Switch 35

Terminated

Zea mays L. · Maize

Frederic Poujaud

2 records

Svitanok MV

Terminated

Zea mays L. · Maize

Derkach Iryna Borysivna, Sikalova Olena Valentynivna, Ovsiannikova Natalia Stanislavivna, Ivleva Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Barsukov Ihor Petrovych, Kamyshan Taisiia Petrivna, Chupikov Mykola Mykhailovych, Kozubenko Leonid Vasyl`ovych,

2 records

Solist

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Derzhavna ustanova Instytut zernovykh kultur Natsionalnoi akademii ahrarnykh nauk Ukrainy

2 records

Sprint W 341/22 / Sprynt W 341/22

Terminated

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench · Sorghum

Liashok Petro Hryhorovych, Barbaruk Valentyna Tadeushivna, Piter Bohdan Chykaliuk, Larri Richardson, Karanda Tetiana Mykolaivna,

1 record

SM 305

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Ludwig Feldmeier

1 record

Sonata odes`ka

Application submitted

Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat

Parfentiev Mykhailo Hryhorovych, Reshetnikova Valentyna Semenivna, Solomonov Ruslan Viacheslavovych, Lytvynenko Raisa Ivanivna, Rubakha Serhii Andriiovych, Holub IEvheniia Anatoliivna, Honcharuk Nina Oleksandrivna, Lytvynenko Mykola Antonovych,

2 records

Splendide

Withdrawn

Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize

Novartis Seeds AG (CH)

1 record

Shchedryi

Terminated

Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley

Markova Tetiana IUriivna, Naumov Oleksii Hermanovych, Vasko Nataliia Ivanivna, Kozachenko Mykhailo Romanovych,

2 records

Skarb kharkivskyi

Active

x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale

Shcechenko Olha IEvheniivna, Melnyk Vira Serhiivna, Kapustina Tetiana Borysivna, Chernobai Serhii Volodymyrovych, Riabchun Viktor Kuzmych,

2 records

Sabin

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Bodenko, Natalia Dziubetskyi, Borys Korobko, Iuliia Olkhovyk, Maksym Nehoda, Tetiana Olizko, Oleksii Haidash, Oleksandr Abelmasov, Oleksii Bernatskyi, Maksym Cherchel, Vladyslav

2 records

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Text source

This summary is compiled from the publications listed in the sources and verified by an editor. It contains no legally significant information; it provides agronomic context for registry data rather than the registry data itself.