Diseases
Ustilaginomycetes
Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.
Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.
Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.
The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.
Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Vesna Serhii Viktorovych, Manziuk Vitalii Tymofiiovych, Naumov Oleksii Hermanovych, Vasko Nataliia Ivanivna, Kozachenko Mykhailo Romanovych,
Panicum miliaceum L. · Proso millet
Mel`nyk Liudmyla Anatoliivna, Samborska Olena Volodymyrivna, Prodanyk Anatolii Mykhailovych, Perevertun Larysa Ivanivna,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Tovarystvo z obmezhenoiu vidpovidalnistiu "UNI KORN"
Zea mays L. · Maize
D.J. VAN DER HAVE B.V.
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Stel`makh Adol`f Khomych, Sheremet Oleksandr Martynovych, Lehkun Ihor Borysovych, Linchevskyi Anatolii Adamovych,
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Parfentiev Mykhailo Hryhorovych, Babaiants Olha Vadymivna, Reshetnikova Valentyna Semenivna, Solomonov Ruslan V'iacheslavovych, Holub IEvheniia Anatoliivna, Maksymov Mykola Havrylovych, Rubakha Serhii Andriiovych, Lytvynenko Raisa Ivanivna, Honcharuk Nin
Lolium multiflorum Lam. · Italian ryegrass
SFINGE KFT
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Sichniak Vira IUkhymivna, Lehkun Ihor Borysovych, Sheremet Oleksandr Martynovych, Linchevskyi Anatolii Adamovych,
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Hodowla Roslin Smolice Sp.z o.o Grupa IHAR
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Hodowla Roslin Smolice Sp.z o.o Grupa IHAR
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Stelmakh Adolf Fomych, Sheremet Oleksandr Martynovych, Lehkun Ihor Borysovych, Linchevskyi Anatolii Adamovych,
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Saatzucht J. Breun (DE)
Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat
Nesterova Natalia Havrylivna, Molodchenkova Olha Olehivna, Babaiants Ol`ha Vadimovna, Rybalka Oleksandr Illich, Kozlov Viktor Volodymyrovych, Lytvynenko Mykola Antonovych, Albul Anatolii Oleksiiovych, Zaitsev Oleksii Borysovych,
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Sichniak Vira IUkhymivna, Sheremet Oleksandr Martynovych, Linchevskyi Anatolii Adamovych,
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Traskovets`ka Vita Anatoliivna, Bosakovs`ka Nataliia IUriivna, Fedchenko Volodymyr Pavlovych, Narhan Tetiana Pavlivna, Nakonechnyi Mykola IUriiovych, Lyfenko Savelii Pylypovych, Yeryniak Mykola Ivanovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Purar Bozana, Nastasic Aleksandra, Bekavac Goran, Jockovic Dorde, Ivanovic Mile, Stojakovic Milisav,
Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat
Kuz`menko IEvhenii Anatoliiovych, Mukha Tetiana Ivanivna, Fedorenko Iryna Viktorivna, Fedorenko Maryna Viktorivna, Solona Valentyna Iosypivna, Khomenko Svitlana Olehivna, Kochmarskyi Valentyn Serhiiovych,
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Maisadour Semences, FR
Avena sativa L. · Oat
APP Agroresursu un ekonomikas institūts
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Limagrain Europe, FR
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Dvorets`kyi Volodymyr Frantsevych, Vozhehova Raisa Anatolivna, Usyk Liudmyla Oleksandrivna, Orliuk Anatolii Pavlovych,
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Limagrain Europe, FR
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Limagrain Europe SA (FR)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
Limagrain Genetics Grandes Cultures SA (FR)