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Variety traits

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS)

CMS is a condition in plants where pollen is either not produced or is non-viable despite the normal development of female organs. It is a fundamental trait in commercial seed production that prevents self-pollination and allows the production of hybrid seeds without manual emasculation.

Mentioned in descriptions 4 451 varieties reference book.

Cytoplasmic male sterility manifests as the absence of fertile pollen, while pistillate organs remain functional. In breeding processes, such plants are used as maternal lines, which are pollinated by paternal forms to ensure 100% hybridity of the offspring. To obtain commercial fertile hybrids, nuclear fertility-restorer genes are introduced into the plant genotype, ensuring normal pollen development in the final product.

The trait is evaluated by determining the degree of pollen sterility, morphological examination of anthers for signs of degeneration and their ability to dehisce, as well as by microscopic analysis of pollen grains. Modern methods include the use of molecular DNA markers to identify sterility genes in mitochondria and restorer genes in the nucleus.

The manifestation of CMS depends on the interaction between the genotype and environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can affect the stability of the trait. Incomplete fertility restoration in commercial crops can lead to seed set issues, so when selecting a hybrid, the originator's guarantee regarding the effective performance of fertility restorers under field conditions is important.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Male Sterility (CMS) — Hydrangea macrophylla 278 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Maize 76 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sunflower 74 Male Sterility (CMS) — Sugar Beet 65 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rapeseed 62 Male sterility in Hydrangea 37 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) — Rye 25 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rapeseed 23 Male sterility (CMS) — Spanish lavender 17 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rice 15 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Tobacco 14 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) — White Cabbage 11 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sorghum 10 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sweet Cherry 9 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Cauliflower 8 Male sterility in Buddleja 8 Male sterility (CMS) — giant miscanthus 8 Male sterility in lilies 8 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Barley 7 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Broccoli 7 Male sterility in mandarin 7 Male sterility in carrot 6 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Hibiscus syriacus × Hibiscus paramutabilis hybrids 6 Male Sterility (CMS) — Sweet Chestnut 6

Found in these crops

Bigleaf hydrangea 278 Tea-of-heaven 104 Panicled hydrangea 94 Sunflower 77 Maize 74 Rapeseed 69 Sugar beet 64 Hydrangea 38 Rye 26 Rapeseed 22 French lavender 21 Apple 20

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Lemon-Lime

Active

Nandina domestica Thunb. · Heavenly bamboo

Richard E Davis

4 records

LC NO4

Active

Hydrangea paniculata Siebold · Panicled hydrangea

Schoemaker Alex Frederick

5 records

Jin Cobule

Active

Lavandula stoechas L. · French lavender

Syngenta Seeds B.V.

4 records

H212905

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

Hydrangea Breeders Association B.V.

4 records

JWW1

Active

Viburnum plicatum Thunb. · Japanese snowball

Wezelenburg Jan-Willem

4 records

HICANA14

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

van Dijk Roy Robin

4 records

Ilvomindy

Active

Hydrangea paniculata Siebold · Panicled hydrangea

van Huylenbroeck Johan

4 records

HPOPR018

Active

Hydrangea paniculata Siebold · Panicled hydrangea

Plant Select N.V.

4 records

HIICE

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

van Dijk Roy Robin

4 records

H213903

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

Hydrangea Breeders Association B.V.

4 records

Ditoicream

Active

Phlox paniculata L. · Garden phlox

Ditoplant Export B.V.

4 records

DVPazurri

Active

Hibiscus syriacus L. · Rose of Sharon

Van Huylenbroeck Johan|Melle, BE

4 records

COUSTAR02

Active

Hydrangea paniculata Siebold · Panicled hydrangea

Jacques Couturieux

4 records

Cherry Pie

Active

Coreopsis L. · Tickseed

Korlipara Harini

5 records

Danfestar

Active

Gypsophila paniculata L. · Baby's-breath

Gavriel Danziger

4 records

Amistad

Active

Salvia L. · Sage

Rodney Richards, Rolando Uria, New World Plants Limited

4 records

Alkantara

Active

Citrus L. · Citrus

SANTO RECUPERO,GIUSEPPE RUSSO,GIUSEPPE REFORGIATO RECUPERO,CITRICOM IP (PTY) LTD.

7 records

Bailmacsix

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

Michael A. Dirr , Mark Griffith, Rhonda Helvick , Jeff Beasley , Oren McBee , David Jonathan Roberts , Justin Schulze

4 records

Argyrayesi

Active

Argyranthemum frutescens (L.) Sch. Bip. · Marguerite daisy

Syngenta Seeds B.V.

4 records

BBSAL00301

Active

Salvia L. · Sage

Plant 21 LLC

4 records

Anouk Deluxe 173

Active

Lavandula stoechas L. · French lavender

L. Koning Beheer B.V., P.P.M. van der Salm Holding B.V.

5 records

Armorik

Active

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench · Sorghum

Franck CHAUVEAU

AT
4 records

Araldo

Active

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench · Sorghum

Franck CHAUVEAU

IT UA
4 records

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