Variety traits

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS)

CMS is a condition in plants where pollen is either not produced or is non-viable despite the normal development of female organs. It is a fundamental trait in commercial seed production that prevents self-pollination and allows the production of hybrid seeds without manual emasculation.

Mentioned in descriptions 4 451 varieties reference book.

Cytoplasmic male sterility manifests as the absence of fertile pollen, while pistillate organs remain functional. In breeding processes, such plants are used as maternal lines, which are pollinated by paternal forms to ensure 100% hybridity of the offspring. To obtain commercial fertile hybrids, nuclear fertility-restorer genes are introduced into the plant genotype, ensuring normal pollen development in the final product.

The trait is evaluated by determining the degree of pollen sterility, morphological examination of anthers for signs of degeneration and their ability to dehisce, as well as by microscopic analysis of pollen grains. Modern methods include the use of molecular DNA markers to identify sterility genes in mitochondria and restorer genes in the nucleus.

The manifestation of CMS depends on the interaction between the genotype and environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can affect the stability of the trait. Incomplete fertility restoration in commercial crops can lead to seed set issues, so when selecting a hybrid, the originator's guarantee regarding the effective performance of fertility restorers under field conditions is important.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Found in these crops

Bigleaf hydrangea 278 Tea-of-heaven 104 Panicled hydrangea 94 Sunflower 77 Maize 74 Rapeseed 69 Sugar beet 64 Hydrangea 38 Rye 26 Rapeseed 22 French lavender 21 Apple 20

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Jonagold

Active

Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple

Station de Geneva (US)

CZ ES FR HU NL PL +2

22 records

Artus

Protection expired

Brassica napus L. · Rapeseed

Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG

AT EE HU LT LV RO +2

13 records

Rohan

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG

CZ DE HR PL UA

16 records

Spacestar

Active

Brassica oleracea L. (Cauliflower Group) · Cauliflower

Syngenta Seeds, NL

BG HR HU NL PL SK

10 records

Thure

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG

DK FI PL UA

11 records

Ursus

Protection expired

Secale cereale L. · Rye

Peer Wilde^^^Brigitta Schmiedchen

DE DK PL SE SI

11 records

Amélie

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

SAS FLORIMOND-DESPREZ Veuve et Fils

BE CZ ES FR HR UA

9 records

Narcos

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

SAS FLORIMOND-DESPREZ Veuve et Fils

CZ FR PL UA

9 records

Helltop

Active

Secale cereale L. · Rye

Nordic Seed Germany

DE FI LU UA

11 records

Inspiration

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

DSV Deutsche Saatveredelung AG (DE)

CZ HR PL

14 records

Phoenix one

Active

Paulownia elongata S. Y. Hu x Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl.

WeGrow GmbH

12 records

Cristal

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Norddeutsche, D

CZ DK FR PL

9 records

NK Speed

Protection expired

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

SYNGENTA CROP| Syngenta Crop Protection AG

CZ DE DK HR PL

8 records

Coronado

Protection expired

Brassica oleracea L. (Broccoli Group) · Broccoli

Bejo Zaden B.V. (NL)

BG CZ HU NL PL SK

7 records

Trabant

Terminated

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG

DE DK PL

8 records

Vokil

Active

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

V. Velkov, P. Shindrova, V. Encheva, D. Petakov, P. Petrov, A. Piskov, M. Hristov, Yu. Encheva, G. Georgiev

BG RO UA

9 records

Irena

Active

Prunus avium (L.) L. · Sweet cherry

Vyzkumny a Šlechtitelsky Ustav,CZ

CZ UA

17 records

Evijohill

Active

Clematis L. · Clematis

RAYMOND J. EVISON|Josephine Hill

7 records

Zenith

Protection expired

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

STRUBE HERMANN| Dr. Hermann Strube

CZ DE EE FR PL

7 records

Sioux

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

Sesvanderhave, B

BE HR UA

6 records

Granate

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

Seed Company Lion Seeds Ltd

ES FR LT UA

6 records

Erika

Active

Brassica oleracea L. (Kohlrabi Group) · Kohlrabi

HM.CLAUSE

FR HU PL SK

6 records

Argos

Terminated

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG

CZ DE DK PL

6 records

Matros

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

Maribo Seed International ApS

ES UA

6 records

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Variety traits

Maturity group 89 063
Yield 67 000
Vigor 53 548
Plant height 51 504
Lodging 50 198
Taste and aroma 36 010
Variety origin 29 523
Productivity 27 845

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Text source

This summary is compiled from the publications listed in the sources and verified by an editor. It contains no legally significant information; it provides agronomic context for registry data rather than the registry data itself.