Variety traits
CMS is a condition in plants where pollen is either not produced or is non-viable despite the normal development of female organs. It is a fundamental trait in commercial seed production that prevents self-pollination and allows the production of hybrid seeds without manual emasculation.
Mentioned in descriptions 4 451 varieties reference book.
Cytoplasmic male sterility manifests as the absence of fertile pollen, while pistillate organs remain functional. In breeding processes, such plants are used as maternal lines, which are pollinated by paternal forms to ensure 100% hybridity of the offspring. To obtain commercial fertile hybrids, nuclear fertility-restorer genes are introduced into the plant genotype, ensuring normal pollen development in the final product.
The trait is evaluated by determining the degree of pollen sterility, morphological examination of anthers for signs of degeneration and their ability to dehisce, as well as by microscopic analysis of pollen grains. Modern methods include the use of molecular DNA markers to identify sterility genes in mitochondria and restorer genes in the nucleus.
The manifestation of CMS depends on the interaction between the genotype and environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can affect the stability of the trait. Incomplete fertility restoration in commercial crops can lead to seed set issues, so when selecting a hybrid, the originator's guarantee regarding the effective performance of fertility restorers under field conditions is important.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet
SAS FLORIMOND-DESPREZ Veuve et Fils
Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet
Societe Europeenne de Semences NV/SA (BE)
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Saaten Union Recherche SARL, Estrées-Saint -Denis FR
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
KWS, D
Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower
Saaten Union Romania, RO
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Syngenta Seeds, F
Brassica oleracea L. (White Cabbage Group) · White cabbage
Syngenta Seeds B.V. (NL)
Lobularia · Sweet alyssum
Wicki-Freidl Peter
Clematis L. · Clematis
Udagawa Masatake
Hydrangea paniculata Siebold · Panicled hydrangea
Renault Jean
Hydrangea paniculata Siebold · Panicled hydrangea
Arie Jacobus Bregman
Nandina domestica Thunb. · Heavenly bamboo
Magnolia Gardens Nursery
Secale cereale L. · Rye
WORTMANN| Dr. H. Wortmann in Fa. Hybro Saatzucht GmbH & Co. KG
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
SYNGENTA SEEDS A.G.
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Seeds Division, CH
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Saaten Union Recherche (FR)
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
Bayer CropScience
Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat
Farmers Marketing Corporation
Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower
SC Saaten Union Romania S.R.L.
Secale cereale L. · Rye
GILBERT MELZ
Brassica oleracea L. (White Cabbage Group) · White cabbage
Syngenta Seeds B.V. (NL)
Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet
Stefaan Horemans
Brassica oleracea L. (Cauliflower Group) · Cauliflower
Syngenta, NL