Variety traits
CMS is a condition in plants where pollen is either not produced or is non-viable despite the normal development of female organs. It is a fundamental trait in commercial seed production that prevents self-pollination and allows the production of hybrid seeds without manual emasculation.
Mentioned in descriptions 4 451 varieties reference book.
Cytoplasmic male sterility manifests as the absence of fertile pollen, while pistillate organs remain functional. In breeding processes, such plants are used as maternal lines, which are pollinated by paternal forms to ensure 100% hybridity of the offspring. To obtain commercial fertile hybrids, nuclear fertility-restorer genes are introduced into the plant genotype, ensuring normal pollen development in the final product.
The trait is evaluated by determining the degree of pollen sterility, morphological examination of anthers for signs of degeneration and their ability to dehisce, as well as by microscopic analysis of pollen grains. Modern methods include the use of molecular DNA markers to identify sterility genes in mitochondria and restorer genes in the nucleus.
The manifestation of CMS depends on the interaction between the genotype and environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can affect the stability of the trait. Incomplete fertility restoration in commercial crops can lead to seed set issues, so when selecting a hybrid, the originator's guarantee regarding the effective performance of fertility restorers under field conditions is important.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Elmar A. Weissmann
Brassica napus L. · Rapeseed
Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG
Brassica napus L. · Rapeseed
Institut za ratarstvo
Streptocarpus x hybridus Voss · Cape primrose
Gerhard Fleischle
Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea
Information regarding the breeder received in the contribution to CPVO :Kientzler
Daucus carota L. · Carrot
ASGROW SEED CO
Hydrangea quercifolia W. Bartram · Oakleaf hydrangea
Information regarding the breeder received in the contribution to CPVO :Flemer
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
CARGILL GENETIQUE EUROPE SNC
Avena sativa L. · Oat
INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE, FR
Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet
Margaret Rekoske
Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai · Watermelon
PETOSEED CO
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
UNIV. PROF. DR. HERMAN HÄNSEL
Citrus unshiu Marcow. · Satsuma mandarin
VARIOS OBTENTORES
Brassica oleracea L. (Cauliflower Group) · Cauliflower
Organisation Bretonne de Selection-OBS (FR)/Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (FR)/Cerafel (FR)
Zea mays L. · Maize
Cherchel` Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubets`kyi Borys Volodymyrovych,
Paulownia Sieb. et Zucc. · Empress tree
Jose Maria Grau
Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet
Betaseed
Brassica oleracea L. (Cauliflower Group) · Cauliflower
Organisation Bretonne de Selection-OBS (FR)/Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (FR)/Cerafel (FR)
Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea
Schroll Management ApS
Cynodon x magennisii Hurcombe · Magennis Bermuda grass
Yanqi Wu, Dennis L. Martin, Justin Q. Moss, Nathan R. Walker, Charles Fontanier, Oklahoma State University
Campanula L. · Bellflower
BURPEE NL B.V.
Begonia x hiemalis Fotsch · Elatior Begonia
LUBBERTUS H.KOPPE
Brassica oleracea L. (White Cabbage Group) · White cabbage
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad
Zea mays L. · Maize
Maise Research Institute Zemun Polje (SB)