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Variety traits

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS)

CMS is a condition in plants where pollen is either not produced or is non-viable despite the normal development of female organs. It is a fundamental trait in commercial seed production that prevents self-pollination and allows the production of hybrid seeds without manual emasculation.

Mentioned in descriptions 4 451 varieties reference book.

Cytoplasmic male sterility manifests as the absence of fertile pollen, while pistillate organs remain functional. In breeding processes, such plants are used as maternal lines, which are pollinated by paternal forms to ensure 100% hybridity of the offspring. To obtain commercial fertile hybrids, nuclear fertility-restorer genes are introduced into the plant genotype, ensuring normal pollen development in the final product.

The trait is evaluated by determining the degree of pollen sterility, morphological examination of anthers for signs of degeneration and their ability to dehisce, as well as by microscopic analysis of pollen grains. Modern methods include the use of molecular DNA markers to identify sterility genes in mitochondria and restorer genes in the nucleus.

The manifestation of CMS depends on the interaction between the genotype and environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can affect the stability of the trait. Incomplete fertility restoration in commercial crops can lead to seed set issues, so when selecting a hybrid, the originator's guarantee regarding the effective performance of fertility restorers under field conditions is important.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Male Sterility (CMS) — Hydrangea macrophylla 278 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Maize 76 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sunflower 74 Male Sterility (CMS) — Sugar Beet 65 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rapeseed 62 Male sterility in Hydrangea 37 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) — Rye 25 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rapeseed 23 Male sterility (CMS) — Spanish lavender 17 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rice 15 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Tobacco 14 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) — White Cabbage 11 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sorghum 10 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sweet Cherry 9 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Cauliflower 8 Male sterility in Buddleja 8 Male sterility (CMS) — giant miscanthus 8 Male sterility in lilies 8 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Barley 7 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Broccoli 7 Male sterility in mandarin 7 Male sterility in carrot 6 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Hibiscus syriacus × Hibiscus paramutabilis hybrids 6 Male Sterility (CMS) — Sweet Chestnut 6

Found in these crops

Bigleaf hydrangea 278 Tea-of-heaven 104 Panicled hydrangea 94 Sunflower 77 Maize 74 Rapeseed 69 Sugar beet 64 Hydrangea 38 Rye 26 Rapeseed 22 French lavender 21 Apple 20

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Hokomawhiwa

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

Kolster Holding B.V.^^^Horteve Breeding B.V.

1 record

HSPS22

Application submitted

Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. var. serrata · Tea-of-heaven

Plant Select N.V.

1 record

HSOPR015

Active

Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. var. serrata · Tea-of-heaven

Plant Select N.V.

1 record

Garaloimre

Application submitted

Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don x A. odora (Lodd. et al.) Spach

Lawrence E. Garner

1 record

Hgc Silvermoon

Terminated

Helleborus L. · Christmas Rose

Josef Heuger

1 record

Helen Froehlich

Active

Vitex pseudonegundo (Hausskn.) Hand.-Mazz.

Kris Jarantoski

1 record

H220914

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

Hydrangea Breeders Association B.V.

1 record

H218913

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

Hydrangea Breeders Association B.V.

1 record

Golden Jubilee

Terminated

Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C. A. Mey) Kuntze · Chinese giant hyssop

MC DERMOTT FRANCIS

1 record

H220910

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

Hydrangea Breeders Association B.V.

1 record

H220901

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

Hydrangea Breeders Association B.V.

1 record

Erwistapurp

Terminated

Cyclamen persicum Mill. x C. purpurascens Mill.

DR ALOMA EWALD

1 record

Getpaul 3

Active

Paulownia elongata S. Y. Hu x Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl.

Green Environment Technologies S.L.

1 record

Forever Blue

Terminated

Veronica longifolia L. · Garden speedwell

Lynne Knosher

1 record

DBIDWHTDEL

Terminated

Bidens ferulifolia (Jacq.) DC. · Apache beggartick

Gavriel Danziger

1 record

Florvendula Purple

Terminated

Lavandula stoechas L. · French lavender

HAMER BLOEMZADEN B.V.

1 record

G15097

Active

Philadelphus lewisii Pursh x Philadelphus x virginalis Rehder

GardenGenetics LLC

1 record

Felice Pink

Active

Lavandula angustifolia Mill. · English lavender

P.P.M. van der Salm Holding B.V., L. Koning Beheer B.V.

1 record

Erwistavio

Terminated

Cyclamen persicum Mill. x C. purpurascens Mill.

DR ALOMA EWALD

1 record

Erwistawei

Terminated

Cyclamen persicum Mill. x C. purpurascens Mill.

DR ALOMA EWALD

1 record

Diascot

Terminated

Diascia Link & Otto · Twinspur

Syngenta Seeds B.V.

1 record

Dark Royalty

Terminated

Lavandula stoechas L. · French lavender

Koning Smit IPR S.A.

1 record

Domingo

Active

Helleborus x nigercors J. T. Wall

Margherita Beruto

1 record

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