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Variety traits

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS)

CMS is a condition in plants where pollen is either not produced or is non-viable despite the normal development of female organs. It is a fundamental trait in commercial seed production that prevents self-pollination and allows the production of hybrid seeds without manual emasculation.

Mentioned in descriptions 4 451 varieties reference book.

Cytoplasmic male sterility manifests as the absence of fertile pollen, while pistillate organs remain functional. In breeding processes, such plants are used as maternal lines, which are pollinated by paternal forms to ensure 100% hybridity of the offspring. To obtain commercial fertile hybrids, nuclear fertility-restorer genes are introduced into the plant genotype, ensuring normal pollen development in the final product.

The trait is evaluated by determining the degree of pollen sterility, morphological examination of anthers for signs of degeneration and their ability to dehisce, as well as by microscopic analysis of pollen grains. Modern methods include the use of molecular DNA markers to identify sterility genes in mitochondria and restorer genes in the nucleus.

The manifestation of CMS depends on the interaction between the genotype and environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can affect the stability of the trait. Incomplete fertility restoration in commercial crops can lead to seed set issues, so when selecting a hybrid, the originator's guarantee regarding the effective performance of fertility restorers under field conditions is important.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Male Sterility (CMS) — Hydrangea macrophylla 278 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Maize 76 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sunflower 74 Male Sterility (CMS) — Sugar Beet 65 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rapeseed 62 Male sterility in Hydrangea 37 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) — Rye 25 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rapeseed 23 Male sterility (CMS) — Spanish lavender 17 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rice 15 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Tobacco 14 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) — White Cabbage 11 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sorghum 10 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sweet Cherry 9 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Cauliflower 8 Male sterility in Buddleja 8 Male sterility (CMS) — giant miscanthus 8 Male sterility in lilies 8 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Barley 7 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Broccoli 7 Male sterility in mandarin 7 Male sterility in carrot 6 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Hibiscus syriacus × Hibiscus paramutabilis hybrids 6 Male Sterility (CMS) — Sweet Chestnut 6

Found in these crops

Bigleaf hydrangea 278 Tea-of-heaven 104 Panicled hydrangea 94 Sunflower 77 Maize 74 Rapeseed 69 Sugar beet 64 Hydrangea 38 Rye 26 Rapeseed 22 French lavender 21 Apple 20

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

SCHROLLA25

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

Schroll Management ApS

1 record

Rosemary Foster

Active

Hydrangea aspera Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don · Rough-leaved hydrangea

Maurice C. Foster

1 record

Purple Spring

Active

Salvia x sylvestris L. · Wood sage

BURPEE NL B.V.

1 record

Robpatdov

Withdrawn

Lantana L. · Lantana

Robert Jackson Roberson

1 record

PROXY2

Application submitted

Paulownia elongata S. Y. Hu x Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl.

Paulownia Professional S.L.

1 record

Princess

Terminated

Cenchrus purpurascens Thunb. · Fountain grass

Wayne W. Hanna^^^John M. Ruter

1 record

Polar Bear

Active

Hydrangea paniculata Siebold · Panicled hydrangea

Arie Jacobus Bregman

1 record

Podaras 2

Terminated

Buddleja crispa Benth. x Buddleja marrubiifolia Benth.

Cornell University

1 record

Red Satin

Active

Coreopsis L. · Tickseed

DARRELL R.PROBST

1 record

RUYLAS1704

Active

Lavandula x cadevallii Sennen

Kurt de Ruyver

1 record

Podaras 8

Active

Hybrids between Buddleja alternifolia Maxim. and Buddleja davidii Franch.

Cornell University

1 record

Podaras 13

Active

Hybrids between Buddleja alternifolia Maxim. and Buddleja davidii Franch.

Cornell University

1 record

Podaras 1

Terminated

Buddleja x weyeriana Weyer · Weyer's butterfly-bush

Cornell University

1 record

Podaras 5

Terminated

Buddleja x weyeriana Weyer · Weyer's butterfly-bush

Cornell University

1 record

Renmeta

Active

Hydrangea paniculata Siebold · Panicled hydrangea

Jean Renault

1 record

Renaissance

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. x H. scandens (L. f.) Ser.

Hydranova S.A.S.

1 record

Podaras 4

Terminated

Buddleja L. · Buddleia

Cornell University

1 record

Podaras 15

Active

Hybrids between Buddleja alternifolia Maxim. and Buddleja davidii Franch.

Cornell University

1 record

Podaras 10

Active

Hybrids between Buddleja alternifolia Maxim. and Buddleja davidii Franch.

Cornell University

1 record

Podaras 12

Terminated

Hybrids between Buddleja alternifolia Maxim. and Buddleja davidii Franch.

Cornell University

1 record

PE11037

Terminated

Petunia Juss. · Petunia

BRANDED GARDEN PRODUCTS

1 record

Pink Micro Chip

Active

Buddleja davidii Franch. · Butterfly bush

Dennis J. Werner, Kultaran Chohan

1 record

Podaras 16

Withdrawn

Hybrids between Buddleja alternifolia Maxim. and Buddleja davidii Franch.

Cornell University

1 record

Podaras 11

Terminated

Hybrids between Buddleja alternifolia Maxim. and Buddleja davidii Franch.

Cornell University

1 record

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