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Variety traits

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS)

CMS is a condition in plants where pollen is either not produced or is non-viable despite the normal development of female organs. It is a fundamental trait in commercial seed production that prevents self-pollination and allows the production of hybrid seeds without manual emasculation.

Mentioned in descriptions 4 451 varieties reference book.

Cytoplasmic male sterility manifests as the absence of fertile pollen, while pistillate organs remain functional. In breeding processes, such plants are used as maternal lines, which are pollinated by paternal forms to ensure 100% hybridity of the offspring. To obtain commercial fertile hybrids, nuclear fertility-restorer genes are introduced into the plant genotype, ensuring normal pollen development in the final product.

The trait is evaluated by determining the degree of pollen sterility, morphological examination of anthers for signs of degeneration and their ability to dehisce, as well as by microscopic analysis of pollen grains. Modern methods include the use of molecular DNA markers to identify sterility genes in mitochondria and restorer genes in the nucleus.

The manifestation of CMS depends on the interaction between the genotype and environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can affect the stability of the trait. Incomplete fertility restoration in commercial crops can lead to seed set issues, so when selecting a hybrid, the originator's guarantee regarding the effective performance of fertility restorers under field conditions is important.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Male Sterility (CMS) — Hydrangea macrophylla 278 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Maize 76 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sunflower 74 Male Sterility (CMS) — Sugar Beet 65 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rapeseed 62 Male sterility in Hydrangea 37 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) — Rye 25 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rapeseed 23 Male sterility (CMS) — Spanish lavender 17 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rice 15 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Tobacco 14 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) — White Cabbage 11 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sorghum 10 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sweet Cherry 9 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Cauliflower 8 Male sterility in Buddleja 8 Male sterility (CMS) — giant miscanthus 8 Male sterility in lilies 8 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Barley 7 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Broccoli 7 Male sterility in mandarin 7 Male sterility in carrot 6 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Hibiscus syriacus × Hibiscus paramutabilis hybrids 6 Male Sterility (CMS) — Sweet Chestnut 6

Found in these crops

Bigleaf hydrangea 278 Tea-of-heaven 104 Panicled hydrangea 94 Sunflower 77 Maize 74 Rapeseed 69 Sugar beet 64 Hydrangea 38 Rye 26 Rapeseed 22 French lavender 21 Apple 20

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Albanus

Active

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench · Sorghum

Franck CHAUVEAU

IT UA
5 records

Hyola 401

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

BUZZA| Greg Buzza c/o Zeneca Seeds / STOENESCU| Florin Stoenesu c/o Zeneca Seeds

DE
7 records

YeVRO 301 MV

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Makarenko Ivan Titovych, Borysov Viktor Mykolaiovych, Kiiko Oleksandra Makarivna,

RO UA
4 records

MSL 007 C

Terminated

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Werner Paulmann^^^Martin Frauen

DE
5 records

3607 A

Active

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

Tseve Krasteva Velkova, Galin Georgiev Georgiev,

BG UA
7 records

ES Serin

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Pau Semences SA (FR)

FR
6 records

99 EY 030 MS

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Andreas Gertz

DE
4 records

SR 001212 MS

Terminated

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Andreas Gertz

DE
4 records

Vaughn's Lillie

Active

Hydrangea quercifolia W. Bartram · Oakleaf hydrangea

WILLIAM VAUGHN BILLINGSLEY^^^LILLIE BILLINGSLEY

FR
3 records

KW 1093 MS

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Hans Heinrich Baukloh

DE
5 records

CMS 504 A 21

Terminated

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG, Deutsche Saatveredelung AG, W. von Borries-Eckendorf GmbH & Co. KG

DE
4 records

CMS 036 A 11

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG

DE
4 records

CMS 220 A 11

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG

DE
4 records

THOR-LIVIA

Active

Schlumbergera Lem. · Schlumbergera

Jorgen Andersen

3 records

CMS 061 A 11

Active

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG

DE
4 records

LEM 100

Active

Helleborus L. · Christmas Rose

MARTINE LEMONNIER

3 records

Lavsts 08

Active

Lavandula stoechas L. · French lavender

Virginia Mc Naughton

3 records

UF-1013A-2A

Active

Lantana camara L. · Lantana

ZHANAO DENG

3 records

Kirine-4

Active

Nemesia Vent. · Nemesia

Takeshita Daigaku|Tochigi-ken, JP

3 records

VR 039-16

Protection expired

Vitis vinifera L. · Common grape vine

LLOYD/HAROLD/AUSTIN

ES
2 records

OA 723

Active

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

Amelia Bertero, Arnaldo Vazquez,

UA
3 records

Lipan M/S

Terminated

Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed

BUSCH| Dipl.Ing.agr. Heiner Busch in Fa. Deutsche Saatveredelung AG / HAUSKA| Dipl. Ing. agr. Detlef Hauska

DE
3 records

Hyno-terra

Terminated

Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat

Hybrinova Sa (FR)

FR
3 records

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