Variety traits
CMS is a condition in plants where pollen is either not produced or is non-viable despite the normal development of female organs. It is a fundamental trait in commercial seed production that prevents self-pollination and allows the production of hybrid seeds without manual emasculation.
Mentioned in descriptions 4 451 varieties reference book.
Cytoplasmic male sterility manifests as the absence of fertile pollen, while pistillate organs remain functional. In breeding processes, such plants are used as maternal lines, which are pollinated by paternal forms to ensure 100% hybridity of the offspring. To obtain commercial fertile hybrids, nuclear fertility-restorer genes are introduced into the plant genotype, ensuring normal pollen development in the final product.
The trait is evaluated by determining the degree of pollen sterility, morphological examination of anthers for signs of degeneration and their ability to dehisce, as well as by microscopic analysis of pollen grains. Modern methods include the use of molecular DNA markers to identify sterility genes in mitochondria and restorer genes in the nucleus.
The manifestation of CMS depends on the interaction between the genotype and environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can affect the stability of the trait. Incomplete fertility restoration in commercial crops can lead to seed set issues, so when selecting a hybrid, the originator's guarantee regarding the effective performance of fertility restorers under field conditions is important.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. var. serrata · Tea-of-heaven
Information regarding the breeder received in the contribution to CPVO :Tada Shigeru
Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. var. serrata · Tea-of-heaven
Information regarding the breeder received in the contribution to CPVO :Makino
Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple
Prunus avium (L.) L. · Sweet cherry
Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea
Information regarding the breeder received in the contribution to CPVO :Cayeux L.
Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier · Garden strawberry
Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier · Garden strawberry
Prunus domestica L. · European plum
Olea europaea L. · Olive
Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple
Olea europaea L. · Olive
Pyrus communis L. · European pear
Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck · Lemon
Prunus persica (L.) Batsch · Peach
Prunus domestica L. · European plum
Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple
Prunus domestica L. · European plum
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. bicolor · Sorghum
Citrus L. · Citrus
Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple
Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. · Apple
Corylus avellana L. · Common hazel
Corylus avellana L. · Common hazel
Allium sativum L. · Garlic