Cultivation
The distinction between winter and spring forms is based on the biological requirement for vernalization—a temperature-driven phase necessary for the formation of reproductive organs. Winter forms require cold exposure, whereas spring forms develop at higher temperatures throughout a single growing…
Mentioned in descriptions 2 949 varieties reference book.
Winter forms require exposure to low temperatures between 0 and +10°C for 20–70 days to transition to generative development, whereas spring forms require only temperatures between +5 and +20°C for 7–20 days. When winter forms are sown in the spring, plants often fail to form reproductive organs. There are also facultative varieties capable of producing a harvest under both sowing patterns in regions with mild climates.
The choice between these forms depends on risk management, crop rotation, and technical resources. Winter varieties are sown in the autumn; they have higher yield potential due to the utilization of autumn-winter moisture and mature 10–15 days earlier. Spring forms depend on spring-summer precipitation; they possess lower winter hardiness and more frequently exhibit high baking quality.
Variety resistance and productivity are determined by adaptability to local climatic conditions, such as the availability of reliable snow cover for winter forms or tolerance to summer droughts for spring forms. Planning sowings using both forms allows for reduced machinery workload during the spring period, efficient distribution of soil fertility, and protection of the farm against weather-related risks.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Caussade Semences, F
Secale cereale L. · Rye
Schmiedchen Brigitta, Gordillo Rodriguez, Gerardo Andres,
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Sejet Planteforaedling I,S
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
LEMAIRE DEFFONTAINES S.A.S.
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
Feldsaaten Freudenberger GmbH&Co.KG
Avena sativa L. · Oat
Nordsaat Saatzuchtgesellschaft mbH
Brassica napus L. · Rapeseed
Deutsche Saatveredelung AG,DE
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG. Herrn Dr. Martin Frauen
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
SAS FLORIMOND-DESPREZ Veuve et Fils
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Heinrich Busch^^^Bernd Schlieter
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Saatzucht Donau GmbH, Probstdorf AT
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Pajbjergfonden (DK)
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
SARL ADRIEN MOMONT ET FILS, FR
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Rothwell Plant Breeders
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht DE
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Forschungsanstalt Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
DLF SEEDS A/S
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
PLANT BREEDING INTERNATIONAL CAMBRIDGE
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
PZO-Pflanzenzucht Oberlimpurg
Secale cereale L. · Rye
LOCHOW| KWS LOCHOW GMBH
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
Raps GbR Saatzucht Lundsgaard
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
KWS UK LTD
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Plant Breeding International Cambridge Ltd (GB)
Festuca rubra L. · Red fescue
Dipl.Ing.agr. Heiner Busch in Fa. Deutsche Saatveredelung AG / Dipl.Ing. agr. Cord Schumann