Cultivation
The distinction between winter and spring forms is based on the biological requirement for vernalization—a temperature-driven phase necessary for the formation of reproductive organs. Winter forms require cold exposure, whereas spring forms develop at higher temperatures throughout a single growing…
Mentioned in descriptions 2 949 varieties reference book.
Winter forms require exposure to low temperatures between 0 and +10°C for 20–70 days to transition to generative development, whereas spring forms require only temperatures between +5 and +20°C for 7–20 days. When winter forms are sown in the spring, plants often fail to form reproductive organs. There are also facultative varieties capable of producing a harvest under both sowing patterns in regions with mild climates.
The choice between these forms depends on risk management, crop rotation, and technical resources. Winter varieties are sown in the autumn; they have higher yield potential due to the utilization of autumn-winter moisture and mature 10–15 days earlier. Spring forms depend on spring-summer precipitation; they possess lower winter hardiness and more frequently exhibit high baking quality.
Variety resistance and productivity are determined by adaptability to local climatic conditions, such as the availability of reliable snow cover for winter forms or tolerance to summer droughts for spring forms. Planning sowings using both forms allows for reduced machinery workload during the spring period, efficient distribution of soil fertility, and protection of the farm against weather-related risks.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Danko Hodowla Roslin Sp.z.o.o.
Secale cereale L. · Rye
GILBERT MELZ
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. spelta (L.) Thell. · Spelt
Hodowla Roslin Strzelce Sp z.o.o. Grupa IHAR
Vicia sativa L. · Common vetch
RAGT 2n
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
SW Seed BV (NL)
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
KWS Lochow
Vicia faba L. · Broad bean
Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
LEMAIRE DEFFONTAINES S.A.S.
Linum usitatissimum L. · Common flax
Terre de Lin Sca (FR)
Pisum sativum L. · Pea
Serasem, FR
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
SAATZUCHT DONAU GESMBH&COKG
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Caussade Semences, F
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Nickerson International Research S.N.C.
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
WOS HENRYK / MACKOWIAK WALENTY / PAIZERT KAZIMIERZ O. STEFAN
Pisum sativum L. · Pea
Vasiljevic Sanja, Karagic Dura, Mihailovic Vojislav,
Linum usitatissimum L. · Common flax
Terre de Lin Sca (FR)
Linum usitatissimum L. · Common flax
PREMIUM CROPS
Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz · Camelina
Sustainable Oils Inc.
Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz · Camelina
Sustainable Oils Inc.
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Lantmaennen ek foer
Trifolium incarnatum L. · Crimson clover
Malopolska Hodowla Roslin Spolka z o.o.
Avena sativa L. · Oat
Lochow-Petkus GmbH (DE)
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE, FR
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
SW Seed Hadmersleben GmbH (DE)