Cultivation
The distinction between winter and spring forms is based on the biological requirement for vernalization—a temperature-driven phase necessary for the formation of reproductive organs. Winter forms require cold exposure, whereas spring forms develop at higher temperatures throughout a single growing…
Mentioned in descriptions 2 949 varieties reference book.
Winter forms require exposure to low temperatures between 0 and +10°C for 20–70 days to transition to generative development, whereas spring forms require only temperatures between +5 and +20°C for 7–20 days. When winter forms are sown in the spring, plants often fail to form reproductive organs. There are also facultative varieties capable of producing a harvest under both sowing patterns in regions with mild climates.
The choice between these forms depends on risk management, crop rotation, and technical resources. Winter varieties are sown in the autumn; they have higher yield potential due to the utilization of autumn-winter moisture and mature 10–15 days earlier. Spring forms depend on spring-summer precipitation; they possess lower winter hardiness and more frequently exhibit high baking quality.
Variety resistance and productivity are determined by adaptability to local climatic conditions, such as the availability of reliable snow cover for winter forms or tolerance to summer droughts for spring forms. Planning sowings using both forms allows for reduced machinery workload during the spring period, efficient distribution of soil fertility, and protection of the farm against weather-related risks.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Hodowla Roslin Strzelce Sp z.o.o. Grupa IHAR
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
VASILESCU LILIANAPETCU EUGEN IULIANCIUCA MATILDAPETCU ELENAOPREA GRIGOREMOCANU FLORIN
Pisum sativum L. · Pea
BARBIERU ANCUTA
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
INIAV - Instituto Nacional de Investigacao Agraria e Veterinaria.
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Hodowla Roslin Smolice Sp.z o.o Grupa IHAR
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
D.J. VAN DER HAVE B.V.
Linum usitatissimum L. · Common flax
Linéa Semences de Lin G.I.E.
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
S.I.S. SOCIETA' ITALIANA SEMENTI
Lupinus albus L. · White lupin
Caussade Semences SA (FR)
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zavod za oplemenjivanje bilja, genetiku i metodiku istraživanja (HR)
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Agrigenetics d.o.o. (HR)
Papaver somniferum L. · Opium poppy
Zamborine dr. Nemeth Eva / Bernath Jenoe
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zavod za oplemenjivanje bilja, genetiku i metodiku istraživanja (HR)
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
ABED FONDEN
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
ISTITUTO SPERIMENTALE PER LA CEREALICOLTURA
Vicia faba L. · Broad bean
ABERYSTWYTH UNIVERSITY
Vicia faba L. · Broad bean
Wherry and Sons Ltd
Vicia faba L. · Broad bean
PLANT BREEDING INTERNATIONAL CAMBRIDGE
Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz · Camelina
Sustainable Oils Inc.
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Aldo Fossati Agroscope
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Nickerson International Research S.N.C.
Vicia faba L. · Broad bean
Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. spelta (L.) Thell. · Spelt
F. Weilenmann Agroscope / Hans Winzeler Agroscope / Michael Winzeler Agroscope / W. Saurer Agroscope
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
LIMAGRAIN EUROPE