Cultivation
The distinction between winter and spring forms is based on the biological requirement for vernalization—a temperature-driven phase necessary for the formation of reproductive organs. Winter forms require cold exposure, whereas spring forms develop at higher temperatures throughout a single growing…
Mentioned in descriptions 2 949 varieties reference book.
Winter forms require exposure to low temperatures between 0 and +10°C for 20–70 days to transition to generative development, whereas spring forms require only temperatures between +5 and +20°C for 7–20 days. When winter forms are sown in the spring, plants often fail to form reproductive organs. There are also facultative varieties capable of producing a harvest under both sowing patterns in regions with mild climates.
The choice between these forms depends on risk management, crop rotation, and technical resources. Winter varieties are sown in the autumn; they have higher yield potential due to the utilization of autumn-winter moisture and mature 10–15 days earlier. Spring forms depend on spring-summer precipitation; they possess lower winter hardiness and more frequently exhibit high baking quality.
Variety resistance and productivity are determined by adaptability to local climatic conditions, such as the availability of reliable snow cover for winter forms or tolerance to summer droughts for spring forms. Planning sowings using both forms allows for reduced machinery workload during the spring period, efficient distribution of soil fertility, and protection of the farm against weather-related risks.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Vicia sativa L. · Common vetch
Milic Dragan, Karagic Dura, Mihailovic Vojislav,
Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat
T.Dimitrov, T. Petrova, I. Stoeva, I. Iliev, V. Kiryakova
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
HUN-REN Agrártudományi Kutatóközpont
Triticum durum Desf. · Durum wheat
Szunics Laszlo / Vida Gyula / Bedoe Zoltan / Lang Laszlo / Szunics Laszlone / Veisz Otto
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. spelta (L.) Thell. · Spelt
MTA Agrártudományi Kutatóközpont MGI, Martonvásár
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
RAGT 2N S.A.S
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Hodowla Roslin Strzelce Sp z.o.o. Grupa IHAR
Pisum sativum L. · Pea
Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zavod za specijalnu proizvodnju bilja (HR)
Pisum sativum L. · Pea
Selgen a.s., CZ
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Nordic Seed A/S
Avena sativa L. · Oat
Senova Ltd (GB)
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Sejet Planteforaedling I,S
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
KWS Lochow
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Nina Pfeiffer
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
LEMAIRE DEFFONTAINES S.A.S.
Brassica napus var. napus · Rapeseed
KWS SAAT SE&CO.KGaA, DE
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
Muranyi Istvan / Pap Miklos / Halmoczki Robert / Varnai Eva
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
CROP.RES.DIV.
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Sejet Planteforaedling I,S
Pisum sativum L. · Pea
Cultivari Getreidezüchtungsforschung Darzau gGmbH
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Syngenta Seeds SAS, FR
Triticum aestivum L. subsp. spelta (L.) Thell. · Spelt
EGER| Erhardt Eger
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Hodowla Roslin Strzelce Sp z.o.o. Grupa IHAR
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
FLORIMOND DESPREZ VEUVE ET FILS