Variety traits

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS)

CMS is a condition in plants where pollen is either not produced or is non-viable despite the normal development of female organs. It is a fundamental trait in commercial seed production that prevents self-pollination and allows the production of hybrid seeds without manual emasculation.

Mentioned in descriptions 4 451 varieties reference book.

Cytoplasmic male sterility manifests as the absence of fertile pollen, while pistillate organs remain functional. In breeding processes, such plants are used as maternal lines, which are pollinated by paternal forms to ensure 100% hybridity of the offspring. To obtain commercial fertile hybrids, nuclear fertility-restorer genes are introduced into the plant genotype, ensuring normal pollen development in the final product.

The trait is evaluated by determining the degree of pollen sterility, morphological examination of anthers for signs of degeneration and their ability to dehisce, as well as by microscopic analysis of pollen grains. Modern methods include the use of molecular DNA markers to identify sterility genes in mitochondria and restorer genes in the nucleus.

The manifestation of CMS depends on the interaction between the genotype and environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can affect the stability of the trait. Incomplete fertility restoration in commercial crops can lead to seed set issues, so when selecting a hybrid, the originator's guarantee regarding the effective performance of fertility restorers under field conditions is important.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Found in these crops

Bigleaf hydrangea 278 Tea-of-heaven 104 Panicled hydrangea 94 Sunflower 77 Maize 74 Rapeseed 69 Sugar beet 64 Hydrangea 38 Rye 26 Rapeseed 22 French lavender 21 Apple 20

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Ragna KWS

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

DK SE

3 records

Brilant

Protection expired

Brassica oleracea L. (Cauliflower Group) · Cauliflower

CZ SK

3 records

Close

Silotta

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

3 records

BTS 320

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

2 records

BTS 960

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

2 records

Baronessa KWS

Active

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

2 records

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Variety traits

Maturity group 89 063
Yield 67 000
Vigor 53 548
Plant height 51 504
Lodging 50 198
Taste and aroma 36 010
Variety origin 29 523
Productivity 27 845

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Text source

This summary is compiled from the publications listed in the sources and verified by an editor. It contains no legally significant information; it provides agronomic context for registry data rather than the registry data itself.