Diseases
Ustilaginomycetes
Smut is a group of cereal diseases caused by fungi, in which plant tissues are destroyed and replaced by a mass of black or dark brown spores. The disease is difficult to diagnose until the heading stage, yet it can lead to the loss of half the crop yield.
Mentioned in descriptions 5 110 varieties reference book.
Smut manifests as the destruction of plant tissues, which are replaced by a powdery mass of teliospores. In the case of loose smut, the entire ear is affected, becoming dusty, while its rachis often remains bare. Covered smut is characterized by the preservation of the grain coat, inside which the mycelium develops; when crushed, a specific "herring" odor is detected.
The development of the disease depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen and environmental conditions. Loose smut infects the plant during the flowering phase under high humidity and temperatures from +22 to +27 °C, overwintering inside the grain. Covered smut infects the plant during the seed germination period from inoculum present on the surface of the caryopsis or in the soil.
Varietal resistance is provided by genetic mechanisms that prevent the pathogen from penetrating the ovary or block the development of mycelium in the seedling. In the variety testing system, the degree of infection is assessed visually at the full maturity stage, and varieties demonstrating a minimal percentage of infected ears compared to the standards receive higher ratings.
Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Sweet Corn Group) · Sweet corn
Solomenko Andrii Ivanovych, Breus Oksana Serhiivna, Parii IUliia Oleksandrivna, Parii IAroslav Fedorovych, Kulish Ol`ha IUriivna, Parii Myroslav Fedorovych, Parii Fedir Mykytovych,
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Padalka Olena Ivanivna, Chernobai Serhii Volodymyrovych, Shcechenko Olha IEvheniivna, Melnyk Vira Serhiivna, Kapustina Tetiana Borysivna, Riabchun Viktor Kuzmych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Bodenko Natalia Anatoliivna, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetskyi Borys Volodymyrovych, Khil`chenko Serhii Viktorovych, Slobodian Roman Petrovych, Serikov Volodymyr Oleksiiovych, Sokolov Viacheslav Mykhailovych, Bielousov Anatolii Oleksandrovych,
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Sweet Corn Group) · Sweet corn
Klimova Oksana IEvhenivna, Cherchel Vladyslav IUriiovych, Dziubetskyi Borys Volodymyrovych,
Zea mays L. · Maize
Chepolkina Tetiana Fedorivna
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Kyrylenko Vira Viktorivna, Kolomiiets` Lidiia Andriivna, Khomenko Svitlana Olehivna, Marynka Svitlana Mykolaivna, Vlasenko Volodymyr Anatoliiovych, Artemchuk Iryna Petrivna, Morhun Volodymyr Vasylovych,
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Novikov Oleksii Volodymyrovych, Zyma Valentyna Hryhorivna, Bukreeva Halyna Ivanivna, Konotop Tetiana Vitaliivna, Filobok leontii Petrovych, Kudriashov Ihor Mykolaiovych, Alfimov Volodymyr Oleksiiovych, Lysak Mykola Ivanovych, Kerimov Vahyf Rakhmetovych, F
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
SHCHYPAK HENNADII VASYLOVYCH, SYVOKIN INNA VALENTYNIVNA, BORIVSKYI ANATOLII FRANTSOVYCH, NYCHOPORUK OLENA OLEKSANDRIVNA, BILOKURETS NATALIIA PETRIVNA, CHERNOBAB RAISA ANDRIIVNA
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Khomenko Svitlana Olehivna, Marynka Svitlana Mykolaivna, Shelepov Volodymyr Vasyl`ovych, Kolomiiets` Lidiia Andriivna, Vlasenko Volodymyr Anatoliiovych, Artemchuk Iryna Petrivna, Lohvynenko Valentyna Fedorivna, Morhun Volodymyr Vasylovych,
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Artemchuk Iryna Petrivna, Morhun Volodymyr Vasylovych, Koliuchyi Vasyl` Trokhymovych, Basanets` Hanna Stepanivna, Khomenko Svitlana Olehivna, Marynka Svitlana Mykolaivna, Shelepov Volodymyr Vasyl`ovych, Kyrylenko Vira Viktorivna, Vlasenko Volodymyr Anatol
Zea mays L. · Maize
Maize Research Institute - Kneja (BG)
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Sweet Corn Group) · Sweet corn
Dastin Batt
Zea mays L. · Maize
PIONEER HI-BRED INT
Zea mays L. · Maize
PIONEER OVERSEAS CORPORATION
Zea mays L. · Maize
Sikalova Olena Valentynivna, Kalynychuk Oleh Ivanovych, Shvartsman Volodymyr IUkhymovych, Chernobai Larysa Mykolaivna, Ivlieva Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Barsukov Ihor Petrovych, Kamyshan Taisiia Petrivna, Chupikov Mykola Mykhailovych, Kozubenko Leonid Vasyl`
Hordeum vulgare L. · Barley
ABED FONDEN
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Sweet Corn Group) · Sweet corn
Sergio Nieto
Zea mays L. · Maize
Dr. D. Klein / Prof. Dr. A. E. Melchinger
Zea mays L. subsp. mays (Maize Group) · Maize
TRANSUNITED (FR)
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Siroshtan Andrii Anatoliiovych, Yurchenko Tetiana Vasylivna, Derhachov Oleksandr Leonidovych, Volohdina Halyna Borysivna, Zamlila Nina Petrivna, Humeniuk Oleksandr Volodymyrovych, Kyrylenko Vira Viktorivna, Kolomiiets` Lidiia Andriivna, Kochmars`kyi Valen
Zea mays L. · Maize
Eric Rayn
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Chebkaov Mykola Petrovych, Shelepov Volodymyr Vasyl`ovych, Zhyvotkov Leonid Oleksandrovych, Vlasenko Volodymyr Anattoliiovych, Ulich Oleksandr Leonidovych, Artemchuk Iryna Petrivna, Lohvynenko Valentyna Fedorivna, Morhun Volodymyr Vasylovych,
x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus · Triticale
Plaska Valerii Mykolaiovych, Shcypak Vasyl Hennadiiovych, Popov Vitalii Mykolaiovych, Tsupko IUrii Vadymovych, Shypak Hennadii Vasyl`ovych,
Triticum aestivum L. · Bread wheat
Jönsson, Jan Ö/Svensson, Gunnar/Lundin, Per