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Variety traits

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS)

CMS is a condition in plants where pollen is either not produced or is non-viable despite the normal development of female organs. It is a fundamental trait in commercial seed production that prevents self-pollination and allows the production of hybrid seeds without manual emasculation.

Mentioned in descriptions 4 451 varieties reference book.

Cytoplasmic male sterility manifests as the absence of fertile pollen, while pistillate organs remain functional. In breeding processes, such plants are used as maternal lines, which are pollinated by paternal forms to ensure 100% hybridity of the offspring. To obtain commercial fertile hybrids, nuclear fertility-restorer genes are introduced into the plant genotype, ensuring normal pollen development in the final product.

The trait is evaluated by determining the degree of pollen sterility, morphological examination of anthers for signs of degeneration and their ability to dehisce, as well as by microscopic analysis of pollen grains. Modern methods include the use of molecular DNA markers to identify sterility genes in mitochondria and restorer genes in the nucleus.

The manifestation of CMS depends on the interaction between the genotype and environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can affect the stability of the trait. Incomplete fertility restoration in commercial crops can lead to seed set issues, so when selecting a hybrid, the originator's guarantee regarding the effective performance of fertility restorers under field conditions is important.

Sources10

Breakdown by crop

Male Sterility (CMS) — Hydrangea macrophylla 278 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Maize 76 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sunflower 74 Male Sterility (CMS) — Sugar Beet 65 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rapeseed 62 Male sterility in Hydrangea 37 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) — Rye 25 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rapeseed 23 Male sterility (CMS) — Spanish lavender 17 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Rice 15 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Tobacco 14 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) — White Cabbage 11 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sorghum 10 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Sweet Cherry 9 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Cauliflower 8 Male sterility in Buddleja 8 Male sterility (CMS) — giant miscanthus 8 Male sterility in lilies 8 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Barley 7 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Broccoli 7 Male sterility in mandarin 7 Male sterility in carrot 6 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Hibiscus syriacus × Hibiscus paramutabilis hybrids 6 Male Sterility (CMS) — Sweet Chestnut 6

Found in these crops

Bigleaf hydrangea 278 Tea-of-heaven 104 Panicled hydrangea 94 Sunflower 77 Maize 74 Rapeseed 69 Sugar beet 64 Hydrangea 38 Rye 26 Rapeseed 22 French lavender 21 Apple 20

Varieties that feature this in their description

Selection based on the description text, not official resistance ratings: such data is not available in registers. Mention indicates that the trait is discussed in the variety's sources; see the variety's profile for details on what is specifically stated.

Carinam

Terminated

Oryza sativa L. · Rice

Cirad-Ca Paris (FR)

FR
3 records

Camelia

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

SESVANDERHAVE NV-SA, BE

FR
2 records

BMR Elite

Terminated

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench · Sorghum

DESERT SUN MARKETING COMPANY INC

IT
2 records

Bergues

Active

Cichorium intybus L. (Industrial Chicory Group) · Chicory

Florimond Desprez Veuve et Fils, FR

FR
2 records

Barbara

Active

Hydrangea paniculata Siebold · Panicled hydrangea

Information regarding the breeder received in the contribution to CPVO :De Belder R. & J.

FR
2 records

Belmono

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Fodder Beet Group · Mangelwurzel

VEREDELINGSSTATION AG

BE
2 records

BH 9

Active

Nicotiana tabacum L. · Tobacco

Hrvatski duhani d.d., Virovitica (HR)

HR
2 records

Barcarolle

Active

Hydrangea L. · Hydrangea

Information regarding the breeder received in the contribution to CPVO :Lambert C. et al.

FR
2 records

Artimo

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Fodder Beet Group · Mangelwurzel

SARL Adrien Momont et Fils (FR)/KWS Kleinwanzlebener Saatzucht AG (DE)

FR
2 records

Alienta

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

KWS Saat AG, DE

FR
2 records

6388 A

Active

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

Tahir Gucer, Ibrahim Yilmaz, Veli Pekcan, Yalcin Kaya, Goksel Evci,

UA
3 records

7Pwsw75b

Active

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

PIONEER OVERSEAS CORPORATION

UA
2 records

ALKANTARA

Active

Hybrids between Citrus reticulata Blanco and Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck · Orange

GIUSEPPE REFORGIATO/GIUSEPPE RUSSO/SANTO RECUPERO

ES
2 records

Almacia

Terminated

Beta vulgaris Sugar Beet Group · Sugar beet

KWS SAAT SE & CO.KGAA

ES
2 records

7Pejy56b

Active

Helianthus annuus L. · Sunflower

PIONEER OVERSEAS CORPORATION

UA
2 records

Zobadol

Active

Clematis L. · Clematis

van Zoest Jan

2 records

Al`fa M steryl`nyi

Active

Zea mays L. · Maize

Melnyk Vitalii IAkovych, Moskalenko Volodymyr Fedorovych,

UA
3 records

YANTANA

Active

Begonia L. · Begonia

Yates Frederic C.

3 records

Winterbells

Active

Helleborus L. · Christmas Rose

K. Sahin Zaden B.V.

2 records

WALHIFLAR

Active

Hybrids between Hibiscus paramutabilis and Hibiscus syriacus

Walberton Plants LTD

2 records

VP001

Active

Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C. Presl · Erect sword fern

Vitro Plus C.V.

2 records

Wedding Gown

Active

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. · Bigleaf hydrangea

Toyokazu Ichie

2 records

WINOLA

Active

Citrus L. · Citrus

Vardi Aliza

2 records

TIFT 8

Active

Cenchrus purpureus x Cenchrus squamulatus

Brian M. Schwartz^^^Wayne W. Hanna^^^S. Kristine Braman

2 records

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